n dies； and no exact； regular disposition of her property is made。 Hence there comes flocking from every side a cloud of fortune hunters。 What else could one expect？ Such is human nature。〃
〃Yes； but why should such persons go and commit fraud？〃 asked the Prince irritably。 〃I feel as though not a single honest tchinovnik were availableas though every one of them were a rogue。〃
〃Your Highness； which of us is altogether beyond reproach？ The tchinovniks of our town are human beings； and no more。 Some of them are men of worth； and nearly all of them men skilled in businessthough also； unfortunately； largely inter…related。〃
〃Now； tell me this； Athanasi Vassilievitch；〃 said the Prince； 〃for you are about the only honest man of my acquaintance。 What has inspired in you such a penchant for defending rascals？〃
〃This；〃 replied Murazov。 〃Take any man you like of the persons whom you thus term rascals。 That man none the less remains a human being。 That being so； how can one refuse to defend him when all the time one knows that half his errors have been committed through ignorance and stupidity？ Each of us commits faults with every step that we take； each of us entails unhappiness upon others with every breath that we drawand that although we may have no evil intention whatever in our minds。 Your Highness himself has； before now； committed an injustice of the gravest nature。〃
〃_I_ have？〃 cried the Prince； taken aback by this unexpected turn given to the conversation。
Murazov remained silent for a moment； as though he were debating something in his thoughts。 Then he said：
〃Nevertheless it is as I say。 You committed the injustice in the case of the lad Dierpiennikov。〃
〃What； Athanasi Vassilievitch？ The fellow had infringed one of the Fundamental Laws！ He had been found guilty of treason！〃
〃I am not seeking to justify him； I am only asking you whether you think it right that an inexperienced youth who had been tempted and led away by others should have received the same sentence as the man who had taken the chief part in the affair。 That is to say； although Dierpiennikov and the man Voron…Drianni received an equal measure of punishment； their CRIMINALITY was not equal。〃
〃If；〃 exclaimed the Prince excitedly； 〃you know anything further concerning the case； for God's sake tell it me at once。 Only the other day did I forward a recommendation that St。 Petersburg should remit a portion of the sentence。〃
〃Your Highness；〃 replied Murazov； 〃I do not mean that I know of anything which does not lie also within your own cognisance； though one circumstance there was which might have told in the lad's favour had he not refused to admit it； lest another should suffer injury。 All that I have in my mind is this。 On that occasion were you not a little over…hasty in coming to a conclusion？ You will understand； of course； that I am judging only according to my own poor lights； and for the reason that on more than one occasion you have urged me to be frank。 In the days when I myself acted as a chief of gendarmery I came in contact with a great number of accusedsome of them bad； some of them good； and in each case I found it well also to consider a man's past career； for the reason that； unless one views things calmly； instead of at once decrying a man； he is apt to take alarm； and to make it impossible thereafter to get any real confession from him。 If； on the other hand； you question a man as friend might question friend； the result will be that straightway he will tell you everything； nor ask for mitigation of his penalty； nor bear you the least malice； in that he will understand that it is not you who have punished him； but the law。〃
The Prince relapsed into thought； until presently there entered a young tchinovnik。 Portfolio in hand； this official stood waiting respectfully。 Care and hard work had already imprinted their insignia upon his fresh young face； for evidently he had not been in the Service for nothing。 As a matter of fact； his greatest joy was to labour at a tangled case； and successfully to unravel it。
〃I will send corn to the localities where famine is worst；〃 said Murazov； 〃for I understand that sort of work better than do the tchinovniks； and will personally see to the needs of each person。 Also； if you will allow me； your Highness； I will go and have a talk with the Raskolniki。 They are more likely to listen to a plain man than to an official。 God knows whether I shall succeed in calming them； but at least no tchinovnik could do so； for officials of the kind merely draw up reports and lose their way among their own documentswith the result that nothing comes of it。 Nor will I accept from you any money for these purposes； since I am ashamed to devote as much as a thought to my own pocket at a time when men are dying of hunger。 I have a large stock of grain lying in my granaries； in addition to which； I have sent orders to Siberia that a new consignment shall be forwarded me before the coming summer。〃
〃Of a surety will God reward you for your services； Athanasi Vassilievitch！ Not another word will I say to you on the subject； for you yourself feel that any words from me would be inadequate。 Yet tell me one thing： I refer to the case of which you know。 Have I the right to pass over the case？ Also； would it be just and honourable on my part to let the offending tchinovniks go unpunished？〃
〃Your Highness； it is impossible to return a definite answer to those two questions： and the more so because many rascals are at heart men of rectitude。 Human problems are difficult things to solve。 Sometimes a man may be drawn into a vicious circle； so that； having once entered it； he ceases to be himself。〃
〃But what would the tchinovniks say if I allowed the case to be passed over？ Would not some of them turn up their noses at me； and declare that they have effected my intimidation？ Surely they would be the last persons in the world to respect me for my action？〃
〃Your Highness； I think this： that your best course would be to call them together； and to inform them that you know everything； and to explain to them your personal attitude （exactly as you have explained it to me）； and to end by at once requesting their advice and asking them what each of them would have done had he been placed in similar circumstances。〃
〃What？ You think that those tchinovniks would be so accessible to lofty motives that they would cease thereafter to be venal and meticulous？ I should be laughed at for my pains。〃
〃I think not； your Highness。 Even the baser section of humanity possesses a certain sense of equity。 Your wisest plan； your Highness； would be to conceal nothing and to speak to them as you have just spoken to me。 If； at present； they imagine you to be ambitious and proud and unapproachable and self…assured； your action would afford them an opportunity of seeing how the case really stands。 Why should you hesitate？ You would but be exercising your undoubted right。 Speak to them as though delivering not a message of your own； but a message from God。〃
〃I will think it over；〃 the Prince said musingly； 〃and meanwhile I thank you from my heart for your good advice。〃
〃Also； I should order Chichikov to leave the town；〃 suggested Murazov。
〃Yes； I will do so。 Tell him from me that he is to depart hence as quickly as possible； and that the further he should remove himself； the better it will be for him。 Also； tell him that it is only owing to your efforts that he has received a pardon at my hands。〃
Murazov bowed； and proceeded from the Prince's presence to that of Chichikov。 He found the prisoner cheerfully enjoying a hearty dinner which； under hot covers； had been brought him from an exceedingly excellent kitchen。 But almost the first words which he uttered showed Murazov that the prisoner had been having dealings with the army of bribe…takers； as also that in those transactions his lawyer had played the principal part。
〃Listen； Paul Ivanovitch；〃 the old man said。 〃I bring you your freedom； but only on this conditionthat you depart out of the town forthwith。 Therefore gather together your effects； and waste not a moment； lest worse befall you。 Also； of all that a certain person has contrived to do on your behalf I am aware； wherefore let me tell you； as between ourselves； that should the conspiracy come to light； nothing on earth can save him； and in his fall he will involve others rather then be left unaccompanied in the lurch； and not see the guilt shared。 How is it that when I left you recently you were in a better frame of mind than you are now？ I beg of you not to trifle with the matter。 Ah me！ what boots that wealth for which men dispute and cut one another's throats？ Do they think that it is possible to prosper in this world without thinking of the world to come？ Believe me when I say that； until a man shall have renounced all that leads humanity to contend without giving a thought to the ordering of spiritual wealth； he will never set his temporal goods either upon a satisfactory foundation。 Yes； even as times of want and scarcity may come upon nations； so may they come upon individuals。 No matter what may be said to the contrary； the body can never dispense with the soul。 Why； then； will you not try to walk in the right way； and； by thinking no longer of dead souls； but only of your only living one； regain； with God's help； the better road？ I too am leaving the town to…morrow。 Hasten； therefore； lest； bereft of my assistance； you meet with some dire misfortune。〃
And the old man departed； leaving Chichikov plunged in thought。 Once more had the gravity of life begun to loom large before him。
〃Yes； Murazov was right；〃 he said to himself。 〃It is time that I were moving。〃
Leaving the prisona warder carrying his effects in his wakehe found Selifan and Petrushka overjoyed at seeing their master once more at liberty。
〃Well； good fellows？〃 he said kindly。 〃And now we must pack and be off。〃
〃True； true； Paul Ivanovitch；〃 agreed Selifan。 〃And by this time the roads will have become firmer； for much snow has fallen。 Yes； high time is it that we were clear of the town。 So weary of it am I that the sight of it hurts my eyes。〃
〃Go to the coachbuilder's；〃 commanded Chichikov； 〃and have sledge…runners fitted to