the eye to discern their details。 Indeed； only when the sunlight touches a steeple to gold does one realise that each such patch is a human settlement。 Finally； all is wrapped in an immensity of silence which even the far； faint echoes of persons singing in the void of the plain cannot shatter。
Even after gazing at the spectacle for a couple of hours or so； the visitor would still find nothing to say； save： 〃Lord of Heaven； but what a prospect！〃 Then who is the dweller in； the proprietor of； this manora manor to which； as to an impregnable fortress； entrance cannot be gained from the side where we have been standing； but only from the other approach； where a few scattered oaks offer hospitable welcome to the visitor； and then； spreading above him their spacious branches （as in friendly embrace）； accompany him to the facade of the mansion whose top we have been regarding from the reverse aspect； but which now stands frontwise on to us； and has； on one side of it； a row of peasants' huts with red tiles and carved gables； and； on the other； the village church； with those glittering golden crosses and gilded open…work charms which seem to hang suspended in the air？ Yes； indeed！to what fortunate individual does this corner of the world belong？ It belongs to Andrei Ivanovitch Tientietnikov； landowner of the canton of Tremalakhan； and； withal； a bachelor of about thirty。
Should my lady readers ask of me what manner of man is Tientietnikov； and what are his attributes and peculiarities； I should refer them to his neighbours。 Of these； a member of the almost extinct tribe of intelligent staff officers on the retired list once summed up Tientietnikov in the phrase； 〃He is an absolute blockhead；〃 while a General who resided ten versts away was heard to remark that 〃he is a young man who； though not exactly a fool； has at least too much crowded into his head。 I myself might have been of use to him； for not only do I maintain certain connections with St。 Petersburg； but also〃 And the General left his sentence unfinished。 Thirdly； a captain…superintendent of rural police happened to remark in the course of conversation： 〃To…morrow I must go and see Tientietnikov about his arrears。〃 Lastly； a peasant of Tientietnikov's own village； when asked what his barin was like； returned no answer at all。 All of which would appear to show that Tientietnikov was not exactly looked upon with favour。
To speak dispassionately； however； he was not a bad sort of fellowmerely a star…gazer； and since the world contains many watchers of the skies； why should Tientietnikov not have been one of them？ However； let me describe in detail a specimen day of his existenceone that will closely resemble the rest； and then the reader will be enabled to judge of Tientietnikov's character； and how far his life corresponded to the beauties of nature with which he lived surrounded。
On the morning of the specimen day in question he awoke very late； and； raising himself to a sitting posture； rubbed his eyes。 And since those eyes were small； the process of rubbing them occupied a very long time； and throughout its continuance there stood waiting by the door his valet； Mikhailo； armed with a towel and basin。 For one hour； for two hours； did poor Mikhailo stand there： then he departed to the kitchen； and returned to find his master still rubbing his eyes as he sat on the bed。 At length； however； Tientietnikov rose； washed himself； donned a dressing…gown； and moved into the drawing…room for morning tea； coffee； cocoa； and warm milk； of all of which he partook but sparingly； while munching a piece of bread； and scattering tobacco ash with complete insouciance。 Two hours did he sit over this meal； then poured himself out another cup of the rapidly cooling tea； and walked to the window。 This faced the courtyard； and outside it； as usual； there took place the following daily altercation between a serf named Grigory （who purported to act as butler） and the housekeeper； Perfilievna。
Grigory。 Ah； you nuisance； you good…for…nothing； you had better hold your stupid tongue。
Perfilievna。 Yes； and don't you wish that I would？
Grigory。 What？ You so thick with that bailiff of yours； you housekeeping jade！
Perfilievna。 Nay； he is as big a thief as you are。 Do you think the barin doesn't know you？ And there he is！ He must have heard everything！
Grigory。 Where？
Perfilievna。 Theresitting by the window； and looking at us！
Next； to complete the hubbub； a serf child which had been clouted by its mother broke out into a bawl； while a borzoi puppy which had happened to get splashed with boiling water by the cook fell to yelping vociferously。 In short； the place soon became a babel of shouts and squeals； and； after watching and listening for a time； the barin found it so impossible to concentrate his mind upon anything that he sent out word that the noise would have to be abated。
The next item was that； a couple of hours before luncheon time； he withdrew to his study； to set about employing himself upon a weighty work which was to consider Russia from every point of view： from the political； from the philosophical； and from the religious； as well as to resolve various problems which had arisen to confront the Empire； and to define clearly the great future to which the country stood ordained。 In short； it was to be the species of compilation in which the man of the day so much delights。 Yet the colossal undertaking had progressed but little beyond the sphere of projection； since； after a pen had been gnawed awhile； and a few strokes had been committed to paper； the whole would be laid aside in favour of the reading of some book； and that reading would continue also during luncheon and be followed by the lighting of a pipe； the playing of a solitary game of chess； and the doing of more or less nothing for the rest of the day。
The foregoing will give the reader a pretty clear idea of the manner in which it was possible for this man of thirty…three to waste his time。 Clad constantly in slippers and a dressing…gown； Tientietnikov never went out； never indulged in any form of dissipation； and never walked upstairs。 Nothing did he care for fresh air； and would bestow not a passing glance upon all those beauties of the countryside which moved visitors to such ecstatic admiration。 From this the reader will see that Andrei Ivanovitch Tientietnikov belonged to that band of sluggards whom we always have with us； and who； whatever be their present appellation； used to be known by the nicknames of 〃lollopers；〃 〃bed pressers；〃 and 〃marmots。〃 Whether the type is a type originating at birth； or a type resulting from untoward circumstances in later life； it is impossible to say。 A better course than to attempt to answer that question would be to recount the story of Tientietnikov's boyhood and upbringing。
Everything connected with the latter seemed to promise success； for at twelve years of age the boykeen…witted； but dreamy of temperament； and inclined to delicacywas sent to an educational establishment presided over by an exceptional type of master。 The idol of his pupils； and the admiration of his assistants； Alexander Petrovitch was gifted with an extraordinary measure of good sense。 How thoroughly he knew the peculiarities of the Russian of his day！ How well he understood boys！ How capable he was of drawing them out！ Not a practical joker in the school but； after perpetrating a prank； would voluntarily approach his preceptor and make to him free confession。 True； the preceptor would put a stern face upon the matter； yet the culprit would depart with head held higher； not lower； than before； since in Alexander Petrovitch there was something which heartenedsomething which seemed to say to a delinquent： 〃Forward you！ Rise to your feet again； even though you have fallen！〃 Not lectures on good behaviour was it； therefore； that fell from his lips； but rather the injunction； 〃I want to see intelligence； and nothing else。 The boy who devotes his attention to becoming clever will never play the fool； for under such circumstances； folly disappears of itself。〃 And so folly did； for the boy who failed to strive in the desired direction incurred the contempt of all his comrades； and even dunces and fools of senior standing did not dare to raise a finger when saluted by their juniors with opprobrious epithets。 Yet 〃This is too much；〃 certain folk would say to Alexander。 〃The result will be that your students will turn out prigs。〃 〃But no；〃 he would reply。 〃Not at all。 You see； I make it my principle to keep the incapables for a single term only； since that is enough for them； but to the clever ones I allot a double course of instruction。〃 And； true enough； any lad of brains was retained for this finishing course。 Yet he did not repress all boyish playfulness； since he declared it to be as necessary as a rash to a doctor； inasmuch as it enabled him to diagnose what lay hidden within。
Consequently； how the boys loved him！ Never was there such an attachment between master and pupils。 And even later； during the foolish years； when foolish things attract； the measure of affection which Alexander Petrovitch retained was extraordinary。 In fact； to the day of his death； every former pupil would celebrate the birthday of his late master by raising his glass in gratitude to the mentor dead and buriedthen close his eyelids upon the tears which would come trickling through them。 Even the slightest word of encouragement from Alexander Petrovitch could throw a lad into a transport of tremulous joy； and arouse in him an honourable emulation of his fellows。 Boys of small capacity he did not long retain in his establishment； whereas those who possessed exceptional talent he put through an extra course of schooling。 This senior classa class composed of specially…selected pupilswas a very different affair from what usually obtains in other colleges。 Only when a boy had attained its ranks did Alexander demand of him what other masters indiscreetly require of mere infantsnamely the superior frame of mind which； while never indulging in mockery； can itself bear ridicule； and disregard the fool； and keep its temper； and repress itself； and eschew revenge； and calmly； proudly retain its tranquillity of soul。 In short； whatever