e ladies of N。 were pre…eminently what is known as 〃presentable。〃 Indeed； in that respect they might have served as a model to the ladies of many another town。 That is to say； in whatever pertained to 〃tone；〃 etiquette； the intricacies of decorum； and strict observance of the prevailing mode； they surpassed even the ladies of Moscow and St。 Petersburg； seeing that they dressed with taste； drove about in carriages in the latest fashions； and never went out without the escort of a footman in gold…laced livery。 Again； they looked upon a visiting cardeven upon a make…shift affair consisting of an ace of diamonds or a two of clubsas a sacred thing； so sacred that on one occasion two closely related ladies who had also been closely attached friends were known to fall out with one another over the mere fact of an omission to return a social call！ Yes； in spite of the best efforts of husbands and kinsfolk to reconcile the antagonists； it became clear that； though all else in the world might conceivably be possible； never could the hatchet be buried between ladies who had quarrelled over a neglected visit。 Likewise strenuous scenes used to take place over questions of precedencescenes of a kind which had the effect of inspiring husbands to great and knightly ideas on the subject of protecting the fair。 True； never did a duel actually take place； since all the husbands were officials belonging to the Civil Service； but at least a given combatant would strive to heap contumely upon his rival； and； as we all know； that is a resource which may prove even more effectual than a duel。 As regards morality； the ladies of N。 were nothing if not censorious； and would at once be fired with virtuous indignation when they heard of a case of vice or seduction。 Nay； even to mere frailty they would award the lash without mercy。 On the other hand； should any instance of what they called 〃third personism〃 occur among THEIR OWN circle； it was always kept darknot a hint of what was going on being allowed to transpire； and even the wronged husband holding himself ready； should he meet with； or hear of； the 〃third person；〃 to quote； in a mild and rational manner； the proverb； 〃Whom concerns it that a friend should consort with friend？〃 In addition； I may say that； like most of the female world of St。 Petersburg； the ladies of N。 were pre…eminently careful and refined in their choice of words and phrases。 Never did a lady say； 〃I blew my nose；〃 or 〃I perspired；〃 or 〃I spat。〃 No； it had to be； 〃I relieved my nose through the expedient of wiping it with my handkerchief；〃 and so forth。 Again； to say； 〃This glass； or this plate； smells badly；〃 was forbidden。 No； not even a hint to such an effect was to be dropped。 Rather； the proper phrase； in such a case； was 〃This glass； or this plate； is not behaving very well；〃or some such formula。
In fact； to refine the Russian tongue the more thoroughly； something like half the words in it were cut out： which circumstance necessitated very frequent recourse to the tongue of France； since the same words； if spoken in French； were another matter altogether； and one could use even blunter ones than the ones originally objected to。
So much for the ladies of N。； provided that one confines one's observations to the surface； yet hardly need it be said that； should one penetrate deeper than that； a great deal more would come to light。 At the same time； it is never a very safe proceeding to peer deeply into the hearts of ladies； wherefore； restricting ourselves to the foregoing superficialities； let us proceed further on our way。
Hitherto the ladies had paid Chichikov no particular attention； though giving him full credit for his gentlemanly and urbane demeanour； but from the moment that there arose rumours of his being a millionaire other qualities of his began to be canvassed。 Nevertheless； not ALL the ladies were governed by interested motives； since it is due to the term 〃millionaire〃 rather than to the character of the person who bears it； that the mere sound of the word exercises upon rascals； upon decent folk； and upon folk who are neither the one nor the other； an undeniable influence。 A millionaire suffers from the disadvantage of everywhere having to behold meanness； including the sort of meanness which； though not actually based upon calculations of self…interest； yet runs after the wealthy man with smiles； and doffs his hat； and begs for invitations to houses where the millionaire is known to be going to dine。 That a similar inclination to meanness seized upon the ladies of N。 goes without saying； with the result that many a drawing…room heard it whispered that； if Chichikov was not exactly a beauty； at least he was sufficiently good…looking to serve for a husband； though he could have borne to have been a little more rotund and stout。 To that there would be added scornful references to lean husbands； and hints that they resembled tooth…brushes rather than menwith many other feminine additions。 Also； such crowds of feminine shoppers began to repair to the Bazaar as almost to constitute a crush； and something like a procession of carriages ensued； so long grew the rank of vehicles。 For their part； the tradesmen had the joy of seeing highly priced dress materials which they had brought at fairs； and then been unable to dispose of； now suddenly become tradeable； and go off with a rush。 For instance； on one occasion a lady appeared at Mass in a bustle which filled the church to an extent
which led the verger on duty to bid the commoner folk withdraw to the porch； lest the lady's toilet should be soiled in the crush。 Even Chichikov could not help privately remarking the attention which he aroused。 On one occasion； when he returned to the inn； he found on his table a note addressed to himself。 Whence it had come； and who had delivered it； he failed to discover； for the waiter declared that the person who had brought it had omitted to leave the name of the writer。 Beginning abruptly with the words 〃I MUST write to you；〃 the letter went on to say that between a certain pair of souls there existed a bond of sympathy； and this verity the epistle further confirmed with rows of full stops to the extent of nearly half a page。 Next there followed a few reflections of a correctitude so remarkable that I have no choice but to quote them。 〃What； I would ask； is this life of ours？〃 inquired the writer。 〃'Tis nought but a vale of woe。 And what； I would ask； is the world？ 'Tis nought but a mob of unthinking humanity。〃 Thereafter； incidentally remarking that she had just dropped a tear to the memory of her dear mother； who had departed this life twenty…five years ago； the （presumably） lady writer invited Chichikov to come forth into the wilds； and to leave for ever the city where； penned in noisome haunts； folk could not even draw their breath。 In conclusion； the writer gave way to unconcealed despair； and wound up with the following verses：
〃Two turtle doves to thee； one day； My dust will show； congealed in death； And； cooing wearily； they'll say： 'In grief and loneliness she drew her closing breath。'〃
True； the last line did not scan； but that was a trifle； since the quatrain at least conformed to the mode then prevalent。 Neither signature nor date were appended to the document； but only a postscript expressing a conjecture that Chichikov's own heart would tell him who the writer was； and stating； in addition； that the said writer would be present at the Governor's ball on the following night。
This greatly interested Chichikov。 Indeed； there was so much that was alluring and provocative of curiosity in the anonymous missive that he read it through a second time； and then a third； and finally said to himself： 〃I SHOULD like to know who sent it！〃 In short； he took the thing seriously； and spent over an hour in considering the same。 At length； muttering a comment upon the epistle's efflorescent style； he refolded the document； and committed it to his dispatch…box in company with a play…bill and an invitation to a weddingthe latter of which had for the last seven years reposed in the self…same receptacle and in the self…same position。 Shortly afterwards there arrived a card of invitation to the Governor's ball already referred to。 In passing； it may be said that such festivities are not infrequent phenomena in county towns； for the reason that where Governors exist there must take place balls if from the local gentry there is to be evoked that respectful affection which is every Governor's due。
Thenceforth all extraneous thoughts and considerations were laid aside in favour of preparing for the coming function。 Indeed； this conjunction of exciting and provocative motives led to Chichikov devoting to his toilet an amount of time never witnessed since the creation of the world。 Merely in the contemplation of his features in the mirror； as he tried to communicate to them a succession of varying expressions； was an hour spent。 First of all he strove to make his features assume an air of dignity and importance； and then an air of humble； but faintly satirical； respect； and then an air of respect guiltless of any alloy whatsoever。 Next； he practised performing a series of bows to his reflection； accompanied with certain murmurs intended to bear a resemblance to a French phrase （though Chichikov knew not a single word of the Gallic tongue）。 Lastly came the performing of a series of what I might call 〃agreeable surprises；〃 in the shape of twitchings of the brow and lips and certain motions of the tongue。 In short； he did all that a man is apt to do when he is not only alone； but also certain that he is handsome and that no one is regarding him through a chink。 Finally he tapped himself lightly on the chin； and said； 〃Ah； good old face！〃 In the same way； when he started to dress himself for the ceremony； the level of his high spirits remained unimpaired throughout the process。 That is to say； while adjusting his braces and tying his tie； he shuffled his feet in what was not exactly a dance； but might be called the entr'acte of a dance： which performance had the not very serious result of setting a wardrobe a…rattle； and causing a brush to slide from the table to the floor。
Later； his entry into the ballroom produced an extrao