a mortal antipathy- 第39部分

playwright。　　It　would　make　a　capital　farce；　this　idea；　carried　out。

A　young　man　slighting　the　lovely　heroine　of　the　little　comedy　and

making　love　to　her　grandmother！　　This　would；　of　course；　be

overstating　the　truth　of　the　story；　but　to　such　a　misinterpretation

the　plain　facts　lend　themselves　too　easily。　　We　will　relate　the

leading　circumstances　of　the　case；　as　they　were　told　us　with　perfect

simplicity　and　frankness　by　the　subject　of　an　affection　which；　if

classified；　would　come　under　the　general　head　of　Antipathy；　but　to

which；　if　we　give　it　a　name；　we　shall　have　to　apply　the　term

Gynophobia；　or　Fear　of　Woman。〃



Here　follows　the　account　furnished　to　the　writer　of　the　paper；　which

is　in　all　essentials　identical　with　that　already　laid　before　the

reader。



〃　Such　is　the　case　offered　to　our　consideration。　　Assuming　its

truthfulness　in　all　its　particulars；　it　remains　to　see　in　the　first

place　whether　or　not　it　is　as　entirely　exceptional　and　anomalous　as

it　seems　at　first　sight；　or　whether　it　is　only　the　last　term　of　a

series　of　cases　which　in　their　less　formidable　aspect　are　well　known

to　us　in　literature；　in　the　records　of　science；　and　even　in　our

common　experience。



〃To　most　of　those　among　us　the　explanations　we　are　now　about　to　give

are　entirely　superfluous。　　But　there　are　some　whose　chief　studies

have　been　in　different　directions；　and　who　will　not　complain　if

certain　facts　are　mentioned　which　to　the　expert　will　seem

rudimentary；　and　which　hardly　require　recapitulation　to　those　who　are

familiarly　acquainted　with　the　common　text…books。



〃The　heart　is　the　centre　of　every　living　movement　in　the　higher

animals；　and　in　man；　furnishing　in　varying　amount；　or　withholding　to

a　greater　or　less　extent；　the　needful　supplies　to　all　parts　of　the

system。　　If　its　action　is　diminished　to　a　certain　degree；　faintness

is　the　immediate　consequence；　if　it　is　arrested；　loss　of

consciousness；　if　its　action　is　not　soon　restored；　death；　of　which

fainting　plants　the　white　flag；　remains　in　possession　of　the　system。



How　closely　the　heart　is　under　the　influence　of　the　emotions　we　need

not　go　to　science　to　learn；　for　all　human　experience　and　all

literature　are　overflowing　with　evidence　that　shows　the　extent　of

this　relation。　　Scripture　is　full　of　it；　the　heart　in　Hebrew　poetry

represents　the　entire　life；　we　might　almost　say。　　Not　less　forcible

is　the　language　of　Shakespeare；　as　for　instance；　in　'Measure　for

Measure：'



　　　　'Why　does　my　blood　thus　muster　to　my　heart；

　　　　　Making　it　both　unable　for　itself

　　　　　And　dispossessing　all　my　other　parts

　　　　　Of　necessary　fitness？'



More　especially　is　the　heart　associated　in　every　literature　with　the

passion　of　love。　　A　famous　old　story　is　that　of　Galen；　who　was　called

to　the　case　of　a　young　lady　long　ailing；　and　wasting　away　from　some

cause　the　physicians　who　had　already　seen　her　were　unable　to　make

out。　　The　shrewd　old　practitioner　suspected　that　love　was　at　the

bottom　of　the　young　lady's　malady。　　Many　relatives　and　friends　of

both　sexes；　all　of　them　ready　with　their　sympathy；　came　to　see　her。

The　physician　sat　by　her　bedside　during　one　of　these　visits；　and　in

an　easy；　natural　way　took　her　hand　and　placed　a　finger　on　her　pulse。

It　beat　quietly　enough　until　a　certain　comely　young　gentleman　entered

the　apartment；　when　it　suddenly　rose　infrequency；　and　at　the　same

moment　her　hurried　breathing；　her　changing　color；　pale　and　flushed　by

turns；　betrayed　the　profound　agitation　his　presence　excited。　　This

was　enough　for　the　sagacious　Greek；　love　was　the　disease；　the　cure　of

which　by　its　like　may　be　claimed　as　an　anticipation　of　homoeopathy。

In　the　frontispiece　to　the　fine　old　'Junta'　edition　of　the　works　of

Galen；　you　may　find　among　the　wood…cuts　a　representation　of　the

interesting　scene；　with　the　title　Amantas　Dignotio；the　diagnosis；

or　recognition；　of　the　lover。



〃Love　has　many　languages；　but　the　heart　talks　through　all　of　them。

The　pallid　or　burning　cheek　tells　of　the　failing　or　leaping　fountain

which　gives　it　color。　　The　lovers　at　the　'Brookside'　could　hear　each

other's　hearts　beating。　　When　Genevieve；　in　Coleridge's　poem；　forgot

herself；　and　was　beforehand　with　her　suitor　in　her　sudden　embrace；



　　　　'T　was　partly　love　and　partly　fear；

　　　　　And　partly　't　was　a　bashful　art；

　　　　　That　I　might　rather　feel　than　see

　　　　　The　swelling　of　her　heart'



Always　the　heart；　whether　its　hurried　action　is　seen；　or　heard；　or

felt。　　But　it　is　not　always　in　this　way　that　the　'deceitful'　organ

treats　the　lover。



　　　　'Faint　heart　never　won　fair　lady。'



This　saying　was　not　meant；　perhaps；　to　be　taken　literally；　but　it　has

its　literal　truth。　　Many　a　lover　has　found　his　heart　sink　within

him；lose　all　its　force；　and　leave　him　weak　as　a　child　in　his

emotion　at　the　sight　of　the　object　of　his　affections。　　When　Porphyro

looked　upon　Madeline　at　her　prayers　in　the　chapel；　it　was　too　much

for　him：



　　　　'She　seemed　a　splendid　angel；　newly　drest；

　　　　　Save　wings；　for　heaven：Porphyro　grew　faint；

　　　　　She　knelt；　so　pure　a　thing；　so　free　from　earthly　taint。'



And　in　Balzac's　novel；　'Cesar　Birotteau；'　the　hero　of　the　story

'fainted　away　for…joy　at　the　moment　when；　under　a　linden…tree；　at

Sceaux；　Constance…Barbe…Josephine　accepted　him　as　her　future

husband。'



〃One　who　faints　is　dead　if　he　does　not　I　come　to；'　and　nothing　is

more　likely　than　that　too　susceptible　lovers　have　actually　gone　off

in　this　way。　　Everything　depends　on　how　the　heart　behaves　itself　in

these　and　similar　trying　moments。　　The　mechanism　of　its　actions

becomes　an　interesting　subject；　therefore；　to　lovers　of　both　sexes；

and　to　all　who　are　capable　of　intense　emotions。



〃The　heart　is　a　great　reservoir；　which　distributes　food；　drink；　air；

and　heat　to　every　part　of　the　system；　in　exchange　for　its　waste

material。　　It　knocks　at　the　gate　of　every　organ　seventy　or　eighty

times　in　a　minute；　calling　upon　it　to　receive　its　supplies　and　unload

its　refuse。　　Between　it　and　the　brain　there　is　the　closest　relation。

The　emotions；　which　act　upon　it　as　we　have　seen；　govern　it　by　a

mechanism　only　of　late　years　thoroughly　understood。　　This　mechanism

can　be　made　plain　enough　to　the　reader　who　is　not　afraid　to　believe

that　he　can　understand　it。



〃The　brain；　as　all　know；　is　the　seat　of　ideas；　emotions；　volition。

It　is　the　great　central　telegraphic　station　with　which　many　lesser

centres　are　in　close　relation；　from　which　they　receive；　and　to　which

they　transmit；　their　messages。　　The　heart　has　its　own　little　brains；

so　to　speak；small　collections　of　nervous　substance　which　govern　its

rhythmical　motions　under　ordinary　conditions。　　But　these　lesser

nervous　centres　are　to　a　large　extent　dominated　by　influences

transmitted　from　certain　groups　of　nerve…cells　in　the　brain　and　its

immediate　dependencies。



〃There　are　two　among　the　special　groups　of　nerve…cells　which　produce

directly　opposite　effects。　　One　of　these　has　the　power　of

accelerating　the　action　of　the　heart；　while　the　other　has　the　power

of　retarding　or　arresting　this　action。　　One　acts　as　the　spur；　the

other　as　the　bridle。　　According　as　one　or　the　other　predominates；　the

action　of　the　heart　will　be　stimulated　or　restrained。　　Among　the

great　modern　discoveries　in　physiology　is　that　of　the　existence　of　a

distinct　centre　of　inhibition；　as　the　restraining　influence　over　the

heart　is　called。



〃The　centre　of　inhibition　plays　a　terrible　part　in　the　history　of

cowardice　and　of　unsuccessful　love。　　No　man　can　be　brave　without

blood　to　sustain　his　courage；　any　more　than　he　can　think；　as　the

German　materialist　says；　not　absurdly；　without　phosphorus。　　The

fainting　lover　must　recover　his　circulation；　or　his　lady　will　lend

him　her　smelling…salts　and　take　a　gallant　with　blood　in　his　cheeks。

Porphyro　got　over　his　faintness　before　he　ran　away　with　Madeline；　and

Cesar　Birotteau　was　an　accepted　lover　when　he　swooned　with　happiness：

but　many　an　officer　has　been　cashiered；　and　many　a　suitor　has　been

rejected；　because　the　centre　of　inhibition　has　got　the　upper　hand　of

the　centre　of　stimulation。



〃In　the　well…known　cases　of　deadly　antipathy　which　have　been

recorded；　the　most　frequent　cause　has　been　the　disturbed　and

depressing　influence　of　the　centre　of　inhibition。　　Fainting　at　the

sight　of　blood　is　one　of　the　commonest　examples　of　this　influence。　　A

single　impression；　in　a　very　early　period　of　atmospheric　existence；

perhaps；　indirectly；　before　that　period；　as　was　said　to　have　happened

in　the　case　of　James　the　First　of　England；may　establish　a

communication　between　this　centre　and　the　heart　which　will　remain

open　ever　afterwards。　　How　does　a　footpath　across　a　field　establish

itself？　　Its　curves　are　arbitrary；　and　what　we　call　accidental；　but

one　after　another　follows　it　as　if　he　were　guided　by　a　chart　on　which

it　was　laid　down。　　So　it　is　with　this　dangerous　transit　between　the

centre　of　inhibition　and　the　great　organ　of　life。　　If　once　the　path

is　opened　by　the　track　of　some　profound　impression；　that　same

impression；　if　repeated；　or　a　similar　one；　is　likely　to　find　the　old

footmarks　and　follow　them。　　Habit　only　makes　the　path　easier　to

traverse；　and　thus　the　unreasoning　terror　of　a　child；　of　an　infant；

may　perpetuate　itself　in　a　timidity　which　shames　the　manhood　of　its

subject。



〃The　case　before　us　is　an　exceptional　and　most　remarkable　example　of

the　effect　of　inhibition　on　the　heart。



〃We　will　not　say　that　we　believe　it　to　be　unique　in　the　history　of

the　human　race；　on　the　contrary；　we　do　not　doubt　that　there　have　been

similar　cases；　and　that　in　some　rare　instances　sudden　death　has　been

the　consequence　of　seizures　like　that　of　the　subject　of　this　Report。

The　case　most　like　it　is　that　of　Colone　Townsend；　which　is　too　well

known　to　require　any　lengthened　description　in　this　paper。　　It　is

enough　to　recall　the　main　facts。　　He　could　by　a　voluntary　effort

suspend　the　action　o