to this system； until you have him well conquered； then keep the persuader
on； and if he should ever attempt to kick； at that moment jerk well on the
persuader； and he will think of everything but kicking； when he attempts
it a few times； and you check him in this manner； he will quit it
altogether。
318。 TO BIT A HORSE
How to bit a horse more perfectly； in ten minutes； at a cost of ten cents；
that can be done with any other bit and rig； at a cost of five to ten
dollars。 This bit is what is called the persuader； and it is the best bit
that ever was used for bitting colts。 It puts a most beautiful curve in
the neck； and leaves the colt at ease while wearing it。 When it is used
for this purpose； the end that you hold in your hand in other cases； is
now to be tied to that part of the persuader which surrounds the neck of
the horse or colt。
319。 JOCKEY TRICKS … TO PRODUCE FOUNDER
How to make a horse appear as if he was badly foundered in one night's
time。 Take a fine wire； or any substitute； and fasten it tightly round the
castor tit； the back side of the pasture joint at night； smooth the hair
down nicely over it； and by morning he will walk as stiff as any foundered
horse。
320。 FOOD AND STARVATION
How to make a horse stand by his food and starve to death。 Grease the
front teeth and roof of the mouth with common beef…tallow； and he will not
eat until you wash it out； this； in conjunction with the above； will
consummate a complete founder。
321。 GLANDERS
How to make a horse appear as if he had the glanders； in one night's time。
This is done by melting fresh butter and pouring it into his ears； not too
hot。
322。 BALKING
How to make a true pulling horse balk。 Take tincture of cantharides 1 oz。；
and corrosive sublimate 1 drachm； mix and bathe his shoulders at night。
323。 TO COVER UP HEAVES
How to cover up the heaves so effectually； that you may work； ride； or run
him； and they cannot be detected。 This will last from twelve to
twenty…four hours； long enough to trade off。 Drench the horse with
one…fourth pound of common bird shot； and he will not heave until they
pass through him。
324。 THE COUNTENANCE
How to put a young countenance on a horse。 Make a small incision near the
sunk place over the eye； insert the point of a blow…pipe or goose…quill；
and blow it up； close the external wound with thread； and it is done。
325。 THE CRIB
How to cure a horse of the crib； or sucking wind； saw between the upper
front teeth。
326 QUESTIONS
To teach a horse to answer questions。 This is done by pricking him with a
pin； for instance； you may say to the horse； is your name Tom ？ and at
that moment prick him with a pin so that he will squeal； then ask him is
your name Sam ？ don't prick him and he will not squeal。 Then say again is
your name Tom； prick him again； and he will squeal； so continue； and after
a time he will squeal without being pricked when you ask him the first
question； &c。
327。 TO NERVE A HORSE
How to nerve a horse that is lame。 Make a small incision about half way
from the knee to the joint on the outside of the leg； and at the back part
of the shin bone； you will find a small white tendon or cord； cut it off
and close the external wound with a stick； and he will walk off on the
hardest pavement； and not lame a particle。
328。 A HORSE'S AGE
The following rules will enable any man to ascertain with tolerable
certainty the age of any horse。 Every horse has six teeth above and six
below； before he arrives at the age of three he sheds his two middle teeth
by the young teeth rising and shoving the old ones out of their place。
When he arrives at the age of three； he sheds one more on each side of the
middle teeth； when four years old he sheds two corner and the last of his
fore teeth； between four and five he cuts his under tusks； and when five
will cut his upper tusks； and have a mouth full and complete； and the
teeth will have hollows of a very dark brown colour。 At six years old the
grooves and hollows in a horse's mouth will begin to fill up a little and
their tusks have their full growth； with their points sharp； and a little
concave。 At seven years old the grooves and hollows will be pretty well
filled below。 At eight the whole of the hollows and groves are filled up；
and you see the appearance of what is termed smooth below。 At nine years
old； the point of the tusk is worn off； and the part that was concave
begins to fill up and become rounded。 Between nine and ten years of age a
horse generally looses the marks of the mouth。 After nine years old a
wrinkle comes on the eyelid at the upper corner of the lower lid； and
every year thereafter he has one well defined wrinkle for each year over
nine。 If； for instance； a horse has three wrinkles； he is twelve； if four；
he is thirteen； &c。
329。 HEAD； NECK OR LUNGS
How to tell by looking at a horse whether there is any thing the matter
with his head； neck or lungs。 A knowledge of this is as useful as it is
simple。 If there is nothing the matter with the head； neck or lungs of a
horse； the nostrils will have a clean； healthy； and bright appearance； but
if there is； they have always a dirty； muddy； or in some way an unhealthy
appearance。
330。 PROF。 MANDIE'S HORSE TAMING
Take finely grated horse caster； or the warty excrescence from the horse's
leg； oils of rhodium； and cumin； keep these in separate bottles well
corked； put some of the oil of cumin on your hand and approach the horse
on the windy side that he may smell it； he will then move towards you；
then rub some of the cumin on his nose； give him a little of the castor on
sugar； salt； or any thing he likes； and get 8 or 10 drops of the oil of
rhodium on the point of his tongue； you can then get him to do any thing
you please。 Follow up your advantage by all the kindness and attention
possible towards the animal； and your control is certain。 This is only fit
for nervous horses； but the railroad system is certain。 In all kinds of
ugly horses it is the best of methods。
331。 BOTTS IN HORSES
This may be relied on as a certain and safe remedy for botts in horses。
When the horse is attacked； pound some common glass very fine； sift it
through a fine piece of muslin； take a tablespoonful； put it inside a ball
of dough； （not mixed with the dough；） then put it down the horse's throat；
and in from two to five minutes the horse will get up and feel and will be
well。 The moment the glass touches the botts though they may have eaten
their way into the coats of the stomach； so that but a small portion is
exposed； they will let go their hold； will pucker up and be driven off by
the bowels。 This remedy is perfectly safe； and is the only certain cure
for botts under the sun。 Try it。
332。 RING BONE AND SPAVIN
Take of sweet oil； 4 oz。； spirits of turpentine； 2 ozs。； oil if stone； 1/2
oz。 Mix and apply three times a day。 If the horse is over four years old；
or in any case where there is not sufficient； in addition to it； you will
fit a bar of lead just above it； wiring the ends together； so it
constantly wears upon the enlargement； and the two together； will cure
nine cases out of every ten in six weeks。
333。 POLL EVIL AND FISTULA
Take 1 lb。 common potash dissolved in 1/2 pint of water。 Add 1/2 oz。
extract of belladona and 1 oz。 gum…arabic dissolved in a little water；
work all into a paste with wheat flour； and box or bottle up tight。 In
applying this； the place should be well cleansed with soap…suds； （castile
soap is best） then tallow should be applied all around by the paste
dissolving and running over it。 Now this paste must be pressed to the
bottom of all the orifices； if very deep it must be made sufficiently thin
to inject by means of a small syringe； and repeated once in two days；
until the callous pipes； and hard fibrous base around the poll evil； or
fistula； is completely destroyed。 Sometimes one application has cured
cases of this kind； but it will generally require two or three。 If the
horse cannot be kept up； you will put a piece of oiled cloth over the
place。 The advantage of this caustic over all others is that less pain and
inflammation is induced。 The sores may be cured by the following or
Sloan's ointment： ceder oil is to be applied to the tendons； to prevent
them stiffening； in pole evil； or other cases。
334。 DeGRAY； OR SLOAN'S HORSE OINTMENT
Take of rosin 4 oz。； lard 8 oz。； honey 2 oz。； mix and melt slowly； gently
bring it to a boil； and as it begins to boil slowly； add a little less
than a pint of spirits of turpentine； stirring all the time it is being
added； then remove from the stove； and stir till cool。 This is an
extraordinary ointment for bruses in flesh or hoof； broken knees； galled
backs； bites； cracked heels； &c。 or when a hoirse is gelded； to heal and
keep away flies。
335。 NERVE AND BONE LINIMENT
Take of beef's gall 1 quart； alcohol 1 pint； volatile liniment 1 lb。；
spirits of turpentine 1 lb。； oil of origanum 4 oz。； aqua ammonia 4 oz。；
tincture of cayenne 1/2 pint； oil of amber 3 oz。； tincture of spanish fly
6 oz。； mix and shake well。 Uses too well known to need description。
336。 TO CURE FOUNDERS IN 24 HOURS
Boil or steam oat straw for half an hour； then wrap it round the horses
legs while quite hot； cover up with wet woollen rags to keep in the steam：
in six hours renew the application。 Take 1 gallon of blood from the neck
vein； and give a quart of linseed oil。 He may be worked next day。
337。 TO CURE COLIC IN TEN MINUTES
Bleed freely at the horse's mouth； and take 1 oz。 of o