must be in powder。
262。 A GOOD CHOCOLATE COLOURED PAINT
This is made by the addition of blue black in powder； or lamp…black to
receipt No。261； till the colour is to the painter's mind； and a lighter
brown may be formed by adding ground white lead。 By ground lead is meant
white lead ground in oil。
263。 YELLOW PAINT
This is prepared with yellow ochre in powder； to receipt No。261； in the
same proportion as Spanish brown。
264。 BLACK PAINT
This is also prepared in the same proportion； as in receipt No。261； using
lamp…black or blue…black； instead of Spanish brown。
265。 WHITE PAINT
Slack a peck of nice； clean； fresh lime in a covered vessel； with water
which is boiling hot； when well slacked； strain it well； then add to it 1
1/2 lbs。 of finely ground rice； let the rice be boiled to a thin paste；
and stirred in while very hot； 1/2 peck of common salt； well dissolved in
warm water； 1/2 lb。 of clean glue； dissolved in water； and 1/4 lb。 of
whiting； when well mixed； add 5 gallons of very hot water； then stir well；
and let stand a few days well covered。 Pit it on hot； and it will stand
the weather as well as a good deal of white lead。 You may colour this
paint to suit your taste； using and stirring in well Spanish brown for a
red pink colour。 Take common clay finely powdered； and mixed well with
Spanish brown for a reddish stone…colour。 For yellow colour use yellow
ochre if you please； but chrome yellow makes a richer colour and less
does。 You may make the colours dark or light according to the quantity of
colouring matter used。
266 COMPOUND COLOURED PAINTS
The various colours that may be obtained by the mixture of other colours；
are innumerable。 I only propose here to give the best and simplest modes
of preparing those which are required for use。 Compound colours； formed by
the union of only two colours； are called by painters virgin tints。 The
smaller the number of colours of which any compound colour is composed；
the purer and the richer it will be。 They are prepared as follows：
267。 LIGHT GREY
This is made by mixing white lead with lamp…black； using more or less of
each material； as you wish to obtain a darker or lighter colour。
268。 BUFF COLOUR
This is made from yellow ochre and white lead。
269。 SILVER OR PEARL GREY
Mix white lead； indigo； and a very light portion of black； regulating the
quantities by the shade you wish to obtain。
270。 FLAXEN GREY
This is obtained by a mixture of white lead and Prussian blue； with a
small quantity of lake。
271。 BRICK COLOUR
This is prepared by mixing yellow ochre； and red lead； with a little white
lead。
272。 OAK WOOD COLOUR
Mix together three…fourths white lead； and one…fourth part umber and
yellow ochre； the proportions of the last two ingredients being determined
by the required tints。
273。 WALNUT TREE COLOUR
Two…thirds white lead； and one…third red ochre； yellow ochre； and umber；
mixed according to the shade sought。 If veining is required； use different
shades of the same mixture； and for the deepest places； black。
274。 JONQUIL
Mix together yellow； pink； and white lead。 This colour is only proper for
distemper
275。 LEMON YELLOW
Mix together realgar and orpiment； some object to this mixture on account
of the poisonous nature of the ingredients。 The same colour can be
obtained by mixing yellow…pink with Naples yellow； but it is then only fit
for distemper。
276。 ORANGE COLOUR
For this colour mix red lead and yellow ochre。
277。 VIOLET COLOUR
Make by mixing vermillion； or red lead； with black or blue； and a small
portion of white： vermillion is far preferable to red lead； in mixing this
colour。
278。 PURPLE
Made by mixing dark…red with violet…colour。
280。 GOLD COLOUR
This is procured by mixing massicot； or Naples yellow； with a small
quantity of realgar； and a very little Spanish white。
281。 OLIVE COLOUR
This may be obtained by various mixtures： black and a little blue； mixed
with yellow； yellow…pink； with a little verdigris and lamp…black； or ochre
and a small quantity of white； will also produce a kind of olive colour。
For distemper； indigo and yellow…pink； mixed with white lead or Spanish
white； must be used。 If veined； it should be done with umber。
282。 LEAD COLOUR
Mix together indigo and white lead or whiting。
283 CHESTNUT COLOUR
Mix red…ochre and black； for a dark…chestnut。 To make it lighter； employ a
mixture of yellow…ochre。
284。 LIGHT TIMBER COLOUR
For this colour mix together spruce…ochre； white and a little umber。
285。 FLESH COLOUR
Mix lake； white…lead； and a little vermillion。
286。 LIGHT WILLOW GREEN
This is made by mixing white with verdigris。
287。 STONE COLOUR
Mix white with a little spruce…ochre。
288。 DARK LEAD COLOUR
Mix black and white with a little indigo。
289。 FAWN COLOUR
Mix white lead； stone…ochre； and a little vermillion。
290。 CHOCOLATE COLOUR
Mix lamp…black and Spanish brown。 On account of the fatness of the
lamp…black； mix some litharge and red lead。
291。 PORTLAND STONE COLOUR
Mix umber； yellow ochre； and white lead。 The variety of shades of brown
that may be obtained； are nearly as numerous as those of green。
292。 TO IMITATE MAHOGANY
Let the first coat of painting be white lead； the second orange； and the
last burned umber or sienna； imitating the veins according to your taste
and practice。
293。 TO IMITATE WAINSCOAT
Let the first coat be white； the second half white and half yellow…ochre；
and the third yellow…ochre only。 Shadow with umber or sienna。
294。 TO IMITATE SATIN WOOD
Take white for your first coating； light blue for the second； and dark
blue or dark green for the third。
295。 TURNER'S PATENT YELLOW PAINT
When sea…salt is made into a paste with litharge； it is decomposed； its
acid unites with the litharge； and the soda is set free。 Hence Turner's
patent process for decomposing sea…salt； which consists in mixing two
parts of the former with one of the latter； moistening and leaving them
together for about twenty…four hours。 The product is then washed；
filtered； and evaporated； by which soda is obtained。 A white substance is
now left undissolved； it is a compound of muriatic acid and lead； which；
when heated； changes its colour； and forms Turner's yellow； a very
beautiful colour； much in use among coach…painters。
296。 TO PAINT IN IMITATION OF BLACK WALNUT
Wash the surface of the wood with weak alum…water； after being well
sand…pappered； then go over it with linseed oil； coloured with murat amber
and red lead。 It is better to have this colour rather light； and renew the
application； when this has sufficiently dried； go over the surface with a
strong sizing of transparent glue； and then use two castors of copal
varnish。 Any good grained pine will bear a very close resemblance to
walnut； and the surface will be nearly as hard。
NOTE
For mixing the foregoing paints it is impossible to lay down any
particular rule as to quantity； as each person mixes them of a shade to
suit his own taste。 They are mixed with oil and a little turpentine； and
sometimes a little japan is added to assist in drying。 When they are not
mixed in this way the particular mode is mentioned。
297。 RULES FOR MAKING PICKLES
Select the best vinegar； for on this will depend the quality of your
pickles； use glass bottles or stone jars for your pickles； never use
earthenware glazed； use wooden knives and forks in making； leave the jars
three…fourths full of the articles to be pickled； then fill the jar or
bottle with vinegar。 If you add alum at all let it be very little； look
your pickles over occasionally and remove any that may not be doing well。
Small cucumbers； beans； green plums； tomatoes； onions； and radish pods；
may be used for assorted pickles； one red pepper for forty or fifty
cucumbers is sufficient； if the vinegar on pickles becomes white or weak；
take it out and scald and skim it； then return it to the pickles。
298。 ASPARAGUS PICKLED
Cut and wash the heads of the largest asparagus； place them in cold water
for two hours； scald carefully in salt and water； then lay on a cloth
until cool； make a pickle of salt and vinegar and boil it； to one gallon
of pickles put a quarter of an ounce of mace； two nutmegs； a quarter of an
ounce of whole pepper； and pour your pickle hot over them； cover tight
with a cloth； and let stand a week； then boil the pickle； and let stand a
week again； and boil again； when cold； cover closely。
299。 BEANS AND FRENCH BEANS PICKLED
Lay them in salt and water for nine days； then add a little vinegar and
boil them in the liquor； when they become green strain them； wipe them
dry； and put the beans into the jar； boil some vinegar； ginger； mace；
pepper； cloves； and mustard seed； all bruised； and while hot pour it on
the beans； cover them close when cold。
300。 TO PICKLE RED CABBAGE
Take the quarter of a purple head of cabbage； cut out the stalk； then
slice it down endways； put