rly days of the settlement at Nazareth and Bethlehem； and in 1742 went as a missionary to the island of St。 Thomas； where he labored earnestly and successfully for the rest of his life； and died in 1787。
Nothing now remained for the members still in Savannah； but to so arrange matters that they might leave on the first opportunity。 Oglethorpe had already bought their trumpets and French horns at a good price； but they needed to sell their rice and household furniture to provide sufficient funds for their journey。 This was happily arranged on the 2nd of February； when George Whitefield； who had reached Savannah for the second time a few days before； came to see them； promised to buy all they cared to sell； and offered them free passage to Pennsylvania。 This offer they gratefully accepted； receiving 37 Pounds for their household goods； and on April 13th； 1740； they sailed with Whitefield on his sloop the ‘Savannah'； Captain Thomas Gladman。 Their land and improvements were left in the hands of an Agent； and the town house was rented to some of Whitefield's followers for a hospital。
With the Moravians went the two boys； Benjamin Somers and James ； who had been given into their hands by the Savannah magistrates in 1735； and a young woman； Johanna Hummel； of Purisburg。 The two lads gave them much trouble in Pennsylvania； and Benjamin was finally bound out in 1748； while James ran away。 Johanna married John Boehner； and sailed with him to the West Indies in 1742； but died at sea before reaching there。
Boehler and his company expected to find Spangenberg and Bishop Nitschmann in Pennsylvania； and were much disappointed to learn that both were absent。 They scarcely knew what to do； but Boehler held them together； and when Whitefield decided to buy a large tract of land and build thereon a Negro school； and a town for his English friends of philanthropic mind； and when the Moravians were offered the task of erecting the first house there； Boehler and his companions gladly accepted the work。 Bethlehem followed in due time； and all were among those who organized that congregation。 David Zeisberger； Sr。； died there in 1744； his wife in 1746。 Anton Seifert was appointed Elder； or Pastor of the Bethlehem Congregation； married； and took an active part in the Church and School work there and at Nazareth； the latter tract having been purchased from Whitefield in 1741。 April 8th； 1745； he sailed for Europe； laboring in England； Ireland and Holland； and dying at Zeist in 1785。
John Martin Mack became one of the leaders of the Moravian Church in its Mission work among the Indians in New York； Connecticut and Ohio until 1760； when he was sent to the negro slaves on St。 Thomas； preaching also on St。 Croix and St。 Jan； and the English West Indies。 He was ordained to the ministry November 13th； 1742； and was consecrated bishop October 18th； 1770； during a visit to Pennsylvania； this being the first Episcopal consecration in the American Province of the Moravian Church。 He was married four times； his last wife passing away two years before his departure。 He died June 9th； 1784； and was buried in the presence of a great concourse of people； negro converts； planters； government officers and the Governor…General。
David Zeisberger； Jr。； lived a life so abundant in labors； so picturesque in experiences that a brief outline utterly fails to give any conception of it。 〃The apostle of the Western Indians traversed Massachusetts and Connecticut； New York； Pennsylvania and Ohio； entered Michigan and Canada； preaching to many nations in many tongues。 He brought the Gospel to the Mohicans and Wampanoags； to the Nanticokes and Shawanese； to the Chippewas； Ottowas and Wyandots； to the Unamis； Unalachtgos and Monseys of the Delaware race； to the Onondagas； Cayugas and Senecas of the Six Nations。 Speaking the Delaware language fluently； as well as the Mohawk and Onondaga dialects of the Iroquois； familiar with the Cayuga and other tongues； an adopted sachem of the Six Nations； naturalized among the Monseys by a formal act of the tribe； swaying for a number of years the Grand Council of the Delawares； at one time Keeper of the Archives of the Iroquois Confederacy； versed in the customs of the aborigines； adapting himself to their mode of thought； and； by long habit； a native in many of his ways； no Protestant missionary and few men of any other calling； ever exercised more real influence and was more sincerely honored among the Indians； and no one； except the Catholic evangelists； with whom the form of baptism was the end of their work； exceeded him in the frequency and hardships of his journeys through the wilderness； the numbers whom he received into the Church of Christ； and brought to a consistent practice of Christianity； and conversion of characters most depraved； ferocious and desperate。〃 〃Nor must we look upon Zeisberger as a missionary only； he was one of the most notable pioneers of civilization our country has ever known。 * * * Thirteen villages sprang up at his bidding； where native agents prepared the way for the husbandman and the mechanic of the coming race。〃 〃He was not only bold in God； fearless and full of courage； but also lowly of heart； meek of spirit； never thinking highly of himself。 Selfishness was unknown to him。 His heart poured out a stream of love to his fellowmen。 In a word； his character was upright； honest； loving and noble； as free from faults as can be expected of any man this side of the grave。〃*
* 〃Life and Times of David Zeisberger〃； by Rt。 Rev。 Edmund de Schweinitz。
He died at Goshen； Ohio； Nov。 17th； 1808； having labored among the Indians for sixty years。
Like Spangenberg； Peter Boehler's story belongs to the whole Moravian Church； rather than to the Georgia colony。 His time was divided between England and America； in both of which spheres he labored most successfully。 Jan。 10th； 1748； he was consecrated bishop at Marienborn； Germany。 After Zinzendorf's death he helped frame the new Church constitution； and in 1769 was elected to the governing board of the entire Unitas Fratrum。 He died in London； April 20th； 1774； having been there for a year on a visitation to the English congregations of the Moravian Church。
Chapter VII。 Conclusion。
Later Attempts in Georgia。
1740。
May 18th； 1740； John Hagen arrived in Savannah。 He had come over intending to go as missionary to the Cherokees； and his disappointment in finding that the Moravians had abandoned Georgia is another example of the enormous difficulty under which mission work was conducted in those days； when the most momentous events might transpire months before the authorities at home could be apprised of them。
Hagen had become very ill on the way from Charleston to Savannah； and with none of his own people to turn to he bethought himself of Whitefield's offers of friendship； and went to his house。 He was kindly received by those who were living there； and though he went down to the gates of death the portals did not open； and he rapidly regained his health。
Visiting Irene he found only a few Indian women； for Tomochichi was dead； and the men were all on the warpath。 The opportunity of going to the Cherokees seemed very doubtful； for there were none living nearer than three hundred miles； and distances looked much greater in the Georgia forests than in his own populous Germany。 So he concluded to accept the kind offers of Whitefield's household； and stay with them； making himself useful in the garden； and doing such religious work as he was able。 Several Germans living in the town； who had learned to like the Moravians； asked him to hold services for them； to which he gladly agreed。
He was much pleased with the prospect for work in Savannah； where the people had been greatly stirred by Whitefield's preaching； and he wrote to Herrnhut urging that two married couples be sent to help reap the harvest； a request warmly seconded by Whitefield； who had returned to Savannah on June 16th。 Whitefield reported the Moravians busily engaged in erecting a Negro school…house for him in Pennsylvania； and told Hagen he would like to have the two couples come to assist him in carrying out his large plans for Georgia。
But by the 14th of August this invitation had been withdrawn； Hagen had left Whitefield's house； and had been refused work on Whitefield's plantation； for fear that he might contaminate the Whitefield converts。 The trouble arose over a discussion on Predestination； not the first or last time this has happened； and the two men found themselves utterly at variance； for Whitefield held the extreme Calvinistic view； while Hagen argued that all men who would might be saved。 Hagen therefore went to the home of John Brownfield； who shared his views； and made him very welcome； and from there carried on his work among the residents of Savannah and Purisburg。
Whitefield returned to Pennsylvania in November； 1740； nursing his wrath against Hagen； and finding Boehler to be of the same mind； he peremptorily ordered the Moravians to leave his land。 Neighbors interfered； and cried shame on him for turning the little company adrift in the depth of winter； and he finally agreed to let them stay for a while in the log cabin which was sheltering them while they were building the large stone house。 The opportune arrival of Bishop Nitschmann and his company； and the purchase of the Bethlehem tract； soon relieved them from their uncomfortable position； and later the Nazareth tract was bought from Whitefield； and the work they had begun for him was completed for their own use。
Whitefield； in after years； rather excused himself for his first harshness toward the Moravians； but a letter written by him to a friend in 1742； is a good statement of the armed truce which existed among the great religious leaders of that day。 〃Where the spirit of God is in any great degree； there will be union of avail； tho' there may be difference in sentiments。 This I have learnt； my dear Brother； by happy experience； and find great freedom and peace in my soul thereby。 This makes me love the Moravian Brethren tho' I cannot agree with them in many of their principles。 I cannot look upon them as willful deceivers； but as persons who hazard