neck at the corner of each street； （and） by contriving it so that he
might do it often； as long as there was life in him； that the day on
which M。 Huez died yielded him ten francs； together with the neck…
buckle of M。 Hues； found on him when he was arrested in his flight。〃
＇24＇ Mercure de France； ； September 26； 1789。 Letters of the
officers of the Bourbon regiment and of members of the general
committee of Caen。 … Floquet； VII。 545。
＇25＇ 〃Archives Nationales；〃 H。 1453。 … Ibid。 D。 XXIX。 I。
Note of M。 de la Tour…du…Pin； October 28th。
＇26＇ Decree； February 5； 1789； enforced May 1st following。
＇27＇ 〃Archives Nationales；〃 D。 XXIX。 I。 Letter of the count de
Montausier； August 8th； with notes by M。 Paulian； director of the
excise （an admirable letter； modest and liberal； and ending by
demanding a pardon for people led astray）。 H。 1453。 Letter of
the attorney of the election district of Falaise； July 17th； etc。 …
… Moniteur； I。 303； 387； 505 （sessions of August 7th and 27th and
of September 23rd）。 〃The royal revenues are diminishing steadily。〃
Buchez and Roux； III。 219 （session of October 24； 1789）。
Discourse of a deputation from Anjou： 〃Sixty thousand men are armed；
the barriers have been destroyed； the clerks' horses have been sold
by auction； the employees have been told to withdraw from the
province within eight days。 The inhabitants have declared that they
will not pay taxes so long as the salt…tax exists。
＇28＇ 〃Archives Nationales；〃F7 3253 （Letter of September 8； 1789）。
＇29＇ Arthur Young； September 30th。 〃It is being said that every
rusty gun in Provence is at work； killing all sorts of birds； the
shot has fallen five or six times in my chaise and about my ears。〃 …
… Beugnot； I。142。 … 〃Archives Nationales；〃 D。 XXIX。 I。 Letter
of the Chevalier d'Allonville； September 8； 1789 （Near Bar…sur…
Aube）。 〃The peasants go in armed bands into the woods belonging to
the Abbey of Trois…Fontaines； which they cut down。 They saw up the
oaks and transport them on wagons to Pont…Saint…Dizier； where they
sell them。 In other places they fish in the ponds and break the
embankments。〃
＇30＇ 〃Archives Nationales；〃 D。 XXIX。 1。 Letter of the assessor of
the police of Saint…Flour； October 3； 1789。 On the 31st of July； a
rumor is spread that the brigands are coming。 On the 1st of August
the peasants arm themselves。 〃They amuse themselves by drinking；
awaiting the arrival of the brigands； the excitement increases to
such an extent as to make them believe that M。 le Comte d'Espinchal
had arrived in disguise the evening before at Massiac； that he was
the author of the troubles disturbing the province at this time； and
that he was concealed in his chateau。〃 On the strength of this shots
are fired into the windows； and there are searches； etc。
＇31＇ 〃Archives Nationales；〃 D； XXIX； I； Letter of Etienne Fermier；
Naveinne； September 18th （it is possible that the author； for the
sake of caution； took a fictitious name）。 … The manuscript
correspondence of M。 Boullé； deputy of Pontivy； to his constituents；
is a type of this declamatory and incendiary writing。 … Letter of
the consuls； priests； and merchants of Puy…en…Velay； September 16th。
… 〃 The Ancient Régime；〃 p。 396。
＇32＇ 〃Archives Nationales；〃 D。 XXIX。 1。 Letter of M。 Despretz…
Montpezat； a former artillery officer； July 24th （with several other
signatures）。 On the same day the alarm bell is sounded In fifty
villages on the rumor spreading that 7；000 brigands； English and
Breton； were invading the country。
＇33＇ 〃Archives Nationales；〃 D。 XXIX。 I。 Letter of Briand…
Delessart； August 1st （domiciliary visits to the Carmelites of
Angoulême where it is pretended that Mme。 de Polignac has just
arrived。 … Beugnot； I。 140。 Arthur Young； July 20th； etc。 …
Buchez and Roux； IV。 166。 Letter of Mamers； July 24th； of Mans；
July 26th。
＇34＇ Montjoie； ch。 LXXII； p。 93 （according to acts of legal
procedure）。 There was a soldier in the band who had served under M。
de Montesson and who wanted to avenge himself for the punishments he
had undergone in the regiment。
＇35＇ Mercure de France； August 20th （Letter from Vésoul； August
13th）。
＇36＇ M。 de Memmay proved his innocence later on； and was
rehabilitated by a public decision after two years' proceedings
（session of June 4； 1791； Mercure of June 11th）。
＇37＇ Journal des Débats et Décrets； I。 258。 （Letter of the
municipality of Vésoul； July 22nd。 Discourse of M。 de
Toulougeon； July 29th。）
＇38＇ De Rochambeau； 〃Mémoires；〃 I。 353。 〃Archives Nationales；〃
F7； 3253。 （Letter of M。 de Rochamheau； August 4th。） Chronicle
of Schmutz （ibid。 ）； p。 284。 〃Archives Nationales；〃 D。 XXIX。 I。
（Letter of Mme。 Ferrette； of Remiremont； August 9th。）
＇39＇ Sauzay； I。 180。 （Letters of monks； July 22nd and 26th。）
＇40＇ 〃Archives Nationales；〃 D。 XXIX。 I。 （Letter of M。 de
Bergeron； attorney to the présidial of Valence； August 28th； with
the details of the verdict stated。） Official report of the militia
of Lyons； sent to the president of the National Assembly； August
10th。 （Expedition to Serrière； in Dauphiny； July 31st。）
＇41＇ Letter of the Count of Courtivron； deputy substitute （an eye…
witness）。 〃Archives Nationales；〃 D。 XXIX。 I。 Letter of the
municipal officers of Crémieu （Dauphiny）； November 3rd。 Letter of
the Vicomte de Carbonnière （Auvergne）； August 3rd。 Arthur Young；
July 30th （Dijon） says； apropos of a noble family which escaped
almost naked from its burning chateau； 〃 they were esteemed by the
neighbors； their virtues ought to have commanded the love of the
poor； for whose resentment there was no cause。〃
＇42＇ 〃Archives Nationales；〃 XXIX。 I。 （Letter of the commission of
the States of Dauphiny； July 31st。）
＇43＇ 〃Désastres du Maconnais；〃 by Puthod de la Maison…Rouge （August；
1789）。 〃Ravages du Maconnais。〃 Arthur Young； July 27th。 …
Buchez and Roux； IV。 215； 214。 Mercure de France； September 12；
1789。 （Letter by a volunteer of Orleans。） 〃On the 15th of August；
eighty…eight ruffians； calling themselves reapers； present
themselves at Bascon； in Beauce； and； the next day； at a chateau in
the neighborhood； where they demand within an hour the head of the
son of the lord of the manor； M。 Tassin； who can only redeem himself
by a contribution of 1；600 livres and the pillaging of his cellars。
＇44＇ Letter of the Count de Courtivron。 … Arthur Young； July 31st。
… Buchez and Roux； II。 243。 … Mercure de France； August 15； 1789
（sitting of the 8th； discourse of a deputy from Dauphiné。）
Mermet； 〃Histoire de la Ville de Vienne；〃 445 〃 Archives
Nationales；〃 ibid。 （Letter of the commission of the States of
Dauphiny； July 31st。） 〃The list of burnt or devastated chateaux
is immense。〃 The committee already cites sixteen of them。
Puthod de la Maison…Rouge； ibid。 ： 〃Were all devastated places to
be mentioned； it would be necessary to cite the whole province 〃
（Letter from Macon）。 〃They have not the less destroyed most of the
chateaux and bourgeois dwellings； either burning them and or else
tearing them down。〃
＇45＇ Lally…Tollendal； 〃Second Letter to my Constituents；〃 104。
＇46＇ Doniol； 〃La Révolution et la Féodalité；〃 p。60 （a few days after
the 4th of August）。 … 〃Archives Nationales；〃 H。 784。 Letters of
M。 de Langeron； military commander at Besan？on； October 16th and
18th 。 Ibid。 ； D。 XXIX。 I。 Letter of the same； September
3rd。 Arthur Young （in Provence； at the house of Baron de la Tour…
d'Aignes）。 〃The baron is an enormous sufferer by the Revolution； a
great extent of country which belonged in absolute right to his
ancestors； has been granted for quit…rents； ceus； and other feudal
payments； so that there is no comparison between the lands retained
and those thus granted by his family。 。 。 。 The solid payments
which the Assembly have declared to be redeemable are every hour
falling to nothing； without a shadow of recompense 。 。 。 The
situation of the nobility in this country is pitiable； they are
under apprehensions that nothing will be left them； but simply such
houses as the mob allows to stand unburned； that the small farmers
will retain their farms without paying the landlord his half of the
produce； and that； in case of such a refusal； there is actually
neither law nor authority in the country to prevent it。 This
chateau； splendid even in ruins； with the fortune and lives of the
owners； is at the mercy of an armed rabble。〃
CHAPTER IV。 PARIS。
I。
Paris。 Powerlessness and discords of the authorities。 The
people； king。
THE powerlessness； indeed； of the heads of the Government； and the
lack of discipline among all its subordinates； are much greater in
the capital than in the provinces。 Paris possesses a mayor；
Bailly； but 〃from the first day； and in the easiest manner
possible；〃＇1＇ his municipal council； that is to say； 〃the assembly
of the representatives of the commune； has accustomed itself to
carry on the government alone； overlooking him entirely。〃 There is a
central administration； the municipal council； presided over by the
mayor； but； 〃at this time； authority is everywhere except where the
preponderating authority should be； the districts have delegated it
and at the same time retained it；〃 each of them acts as if it were
alone and supreme。 There are secondary powers； the district…
committees； each with its president； its clerk； its offices； and
commissioners； but the mobs of the street march on without awaiting
their orders； while the people； shouting under their〃 windows；
impose their will on them； in short； says Bailly again；
〃everybody knew how to command； but nobody knew how to obey。〃
〃Imagine；〃 writes Loustalot＇2＇ himself； 〃a man whose feet； hands；
and limbs possessed each its own intelligence and