¡¶descartes¡¯ reason discourse(µÑ¿¨¶ûµÄÍÆÀí)¡·

ÏÂÔر¾Êé

Ìí¼ÓÊéÇ©

descartes¡¯ reason discourse(µÑ¿¨¶ûµÄÍÆÀí)- µÚ6²¿·Ö


°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡

qualities¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡This¡¡¡¡¡¡principle¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡sufficient¡¡¡¡¡¡thenceforward¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡rid¡¡¡¡¡¡me¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡

those¡¡repentings¡¡and¡¡pangs¡¡of¡¡remorse¡¡that¡¡usually¡¡disturb¡¡the¡¡consciences¡¡

of¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡such¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡feeble¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡uncertain¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡minds¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as£»¡¡¡¡¡¡destitute¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡any¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡clear¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

determinate¡¡¡¡¡¡principle¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡choice£»¡¡¡¡¡¡allow¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡themselves¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡day¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡adopt¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡

course¡¡of¡¡action¡¡as¡¡the¡¡best£»¡¡which¡¡they¡¡abandon¡¡the¡¡next£»¡¡as¡¡the¡¡opposite¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡My¡¡third¡¡maxim¡¡was¡¡to¡¡endeavor¡¡always¡¡to¡¡conquer¡¡myself¡¡rather¡¡than¡¡

fortune£»¡¡and¡¡change¡¡my¡¡desires¡¡rather¡¡than¡¡the¡¡order¡¡of¡¡the¡¡world£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡

general£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡accustom¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡myself¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡persuasion¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that£»¡¡¡¡¡¡except¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡¡¡¡¡own¡¡

thoughts£»¡¡there¡¡is¡¡nothing¡¡absolutely¡¡in¡¡our¡¡power£»¡¡so¡¡that¡¡when¡¡we¡¡have¡¡

done¡¡our¡¡best¡¡in¡¡things¡¡external¡¡to¡¡us£»¡¡all¡¡wherein¡¡we¡¡fail¡¡of¡¡success¡¡is¡¡to¡¡

be¡¡¡¡¡¡held£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡regards¡¡¡¡¡¡us£»¡¡¡¡¡¡absolutely¡¡¡¡¡¡impossible£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡single¡¡¡¡¡¡principle¡¡

seemed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡me¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡sufficient¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡prevent¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡me¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡desiring¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡future¡¡

anything¡¡which¡¡I¡¡could¡¡not¡¡obtain£»¡¡and¡¡thus¡¡render¡¡me¡¡contented£»¡¡for¡¡since¡¡

our¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡naturally¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡seeks¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡those¡¡¡¡¡¡objects¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡alone¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡understanding¡¡

represents¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡way¡¡¡¡¡¡possible¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡attainment£»¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡plain£»¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡if¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡

consider¡¡all¡¡external¡¡goods¡¡as¡¡equally¡¡beyond¡¡our¡¡power£»¡¡we¡¡shall¡¡no¡¡more¡¡

regret¡¡the¡¡absence¡¡of¡¡such¡¡goods¡¡as¡¡seem¡¡due¡¡to¡¡our¡¡birth£»¡¡when¡¡deprived¡¡

of¡¡them¡¡without¡¡any¡¡fault¡¡of¡¡ours£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡our¡¡not¡¡possessing¡¡the¡¡kingdoms¡¡

of¡¡China¡¡or¡¡Mexico£»¡¡and¡¡thus¡¡making£»¡¡so¡¡to¡¡speak£»¡¡a¡¡virtue¡¡of¡¡necessity£»¡¡

we¡¡¡¡¡¡shall¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡desire¡¡¡¡¡¡health¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡disease£»¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡freedom¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡imprisonment£»¡¡

than¡¡we¡¡now¡¡do¡¡bodies¡¡incorruptible¡¡as¡¡diamonds£»¡¡or¡¡the¡¡wings¡¡of¡¡birds¡¡to¡¡

fly¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡confess¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡need¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡prolonged¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡discipline¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

frequently¡¡repeated¡¡meditation¡¡to¡¡accustom¡¡the¡¡mind¡¡to¡¡view¡¡all¡¡objects¡¡in¡¡

this¡¡¡¡¡¡light£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡believe¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡chiefly¡¡¡¡¡¡consisted¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡secret¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

power¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡such¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡philosophers¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡former¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡times¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡enabled¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡rise¡¡

superior¡¡to¡¡the¡¡influence¡¡of¡¡fortune£»¡¡and£»¡¡amid¡¡suffering¡¡and¡¡poverty£»¡¡enjoy¡¡

a¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡happiness¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡gods¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡might¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡envied¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡For£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡occupied¡¡

incessantly¡¡with¡¡the¡¡consideration¡¡of¡¡the¡¡limits¡¡prescribed¡¡to¡¡their¡¡power¡¡

by¡¡¡¡¡¡nature£»¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡became¡¡¡¡¡¡so¡¡¡¡¡¡entirely¡¡¡¡¡¡convinced¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡nothing¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡

disposal¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡except¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡own¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡thoughts£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡conviction¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡itself¡¡

sufficient¡¡to¡¡prevent¡¡their¡¡entertaining¡¡any¡¡desire¡¡of¡¡other¡¡objects£»¡¡and¡¡over¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡20¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡21¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡DISCOURSE¡¡ON¡¡THE¡¡METHOD¡¡OF¡¡RIGHTLY¡¡CONDUCTING¡¡THE¡¡REASON£»¡¡AND¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡SEEKING¡¡TRUTH¡¡IN¡¡THE¡¡SCIENCES¡¡



their¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡thoughts¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡acquired¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡sway¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡so¡¡¡¡¡¡absolute£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡some¡¡

ground¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡account¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡esteeming¡¡¡¡¡¡themselves¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡rich¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡

powerful£»¡¡more¡¡free¡¡and¡¡more¡¡happy£»¡¡than¡¡other¡¡men¡¡who£»¡¡whatever¡¡be¡¡the¡¡

favors¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡heaped¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡nature¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡fortune£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡if¡¡¡¡destitute¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡

philosophy£»¡¡can¡¡never¡¡mand¡¡the¡¡realization¡¡of¡¡all¡¡their¡¡desires¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡fine£»¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡conclude¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡code¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡morals£»¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡thought¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡reviewing¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

different¡¡occupations¡¡of¡¡men¡¡in¡¡this¡¡life£»¡¡with¡¡the¡¡view¡¡of¡¡making¡¡choice¡¡

of¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡best¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡without¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡wishing¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡offer¡¡¡¡¡¡any¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡remarks¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

employments¡¡of¡¡others£»¡¡I¡¡may¡¡state¡¡that¡¡it¡¡was¡¡my¡¡conviction¡¡that¡¡I¡¡could¡¡

not¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡do¡¡¡¡¡¡better¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡continue¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡engaged£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡viz¡££»¡¡¡¡in¡¡

devoting¡¡¡¡¡¡my¡¡¡¡¡¡whole¡¡¡¡¡¡life¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡culture¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡my¡¡¡¡¡¡reason£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡making¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

greatest¡¡progress¡¡I¡¡was¡¡able¡¡in¡¡the¡¡knowledge¡¡of¡¡truth£»¡¡on¡¡the¡¡principles¡¡of¡¡

the¡¡¡¡¡¡method¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡prescribed¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡myself¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡This¡¡¡¡¡¡method£»¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

time¡¡I¡¡had¡¡begun¡¡to¡¡apply¡¡it£»¡¡had¡¡been¡¡to¡¡me¡¡the¡¡source¡¡of¡¡satisfaction¡¡so¡¡

intense¡¡as¡¡to¡¡lead¡¡me¡¡to£»¡¡believe¡¡that¡¡more¡¡perfect¡¡or¡¡more¡¡innocent¡¡could¡¡

not¡¡be¡¡enjoyed¡¡in¡¡this¡¡life£»¡¡and¡¡as¡¡by¡¡its¡¡means¡¡I¡¡daily¡¡discovered¡¡truths¡¡

that¡¡¡¡¡¡appeared¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡me¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡importance£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡¡¡¡¡men¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡

generally¡¡¡¡ignorant£»¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡gratification¡¡thence¡¡¡¡¡¡arising¡¡¡¡¡¡so¡¡occupied¡¡¡¡¡¡my¡¡¡¡¡¡mind¡¡

that¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡wholly¡¡¡¡¡¡indifferent¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡every¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡¡¡¡¡object¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Besides£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡three¡¡

preceding¡¡¡¡¡¡maxims¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡founded¡¡¡¡¡¡singly¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡design¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡continuing¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

work¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡self¡­¡¡¡¡¡¡instruction¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡For¡¡¡¡¡¡since¡¡¡¡¡¡God¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡endowed¡¡¡¡¡¡each¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡us¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡

some¡¡light¡¡of¡¡reason¡¡by¡¡which¡¡to¡¡distinguish¡¡truth¡¡from¡¡error£»¡¡I¡¡could¡¡not¡¡

have¡¡believed¡¡that¡¡I¡¡ought¡¡for¡¡a¡¡single¡¡moment¡¡to¡¡rest¡¡satisfied¡¡with¡¡the¡¡

opinions¡¡of¡¡another£»¡¡unless¡¡I¡¡had¡¡resolved¡¡to¡¡exercise¡¡my¡¡own¡¡judgment¡¡in¡¡

examining¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡whenever¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡should¡¡be¡¡duly¡¡qualified¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡task¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Nor¡¡

could¡¡I¡¡have¡¡proceeded¡¡on¡¡such¡¡opinions¡¡without¡¡scruple£»¡¡had¡¡I¡¡supposed¡¡

that¡¡I¡¡should¡¡thereby¡¡forfeit¡¡any¡¡advantage¡¡for¡¡attaining¡¡still¡¡more¡¡accurate£»¡¡

should¡¡such¡¡exist¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And£»¡¡in¡¡fine£»¡¡I¡¡could¡¡not¡¡have¡¡restrained¡¡my¡¡desires£»¡¡

nor¡¡remained¡¡satisfied¡¡had¡¡I¡¡not¡¡followed¡¡a¡¡path¡¡in¡¡which¡¡I¡¡thought¡¡myself¡¡

certain¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡attaining¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡knowledge¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡acquisition¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡

petent£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡well¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡largest¡¡¡¡¡¡amount¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡what¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡truly¡¡¡¡¡¡good¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡

could¡¡¡¡¡¡ever¡¡¡¡¡¡hope¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡secure¡¡¡¡¡¡Inasmuch¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡neither¡¡¡¡¡¡seek¡¡¡¡¡¡nor¡¡¡¡¡¡shun¡¡¡¡¡¡any¡¡

object¡¡except¡¡in¡¡so¡¡far¡¡as¡¡our¡¡understanding¡¡represents¡¡it¡¡as¡¡good¡¡or¡¡bad£»¡¡

all¡¡that¡¡is¡¡necessary¡¡to¡¡right¡¡action¡¡is¡¡right¡¡judgment£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡the¡¡best¡¡action¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡21¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡22¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡DISCOURSE¡¡ON¡¡THE¡¡METHOD¡¡OF¡¡RIGHTLY¡¡CONDUCTING¡¡THE¡¡REASON£»¡¡AND¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡SEEKING¡¡TRUTH¡¡IN¡¡THE¡¡SCIENCES¡¡



the¡¡most¡¡correct¡¡judgment£»¡¡that¡¡is£»¡¡to¡¡the¡¡acquisition¡¡of¡¡all¡¡the¡¡virtues¡¡with¡¡

all¡¡else¡¡that¡¡is¡¡truly¡¡valuable¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡within¡¡our¡¡reach£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡assurance¡¡¡¡of¡¡

such¡¡an¡¡acquisition¡¡cannot¡¡fail¡¡to¡¡render¡¡us¡¡contented¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Having¡¡¡¡¡¡thus¡¡¡¡¡¡provided¡¡¡¡¡¡myself¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡maxims£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡having¡¡¡¡¡¡placed¡¡

them¡¡in¡¡reserve¡¡along¡¡with¡¡the¡¡truths¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡faith£»¡¡which¡¡have¡¡ever¡¡occupied¡¡

the¡¡first¡¡place¡¡in¡¡my¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡belief£»¡¡I¡¡came¡¡to¡¡the¡¡conclusion¡¡that¡¡I¡¡might¡¡with¡¡

freedom¡¡set¡¡about¡¡ridding¡¡myself¡¡of¡¡what¡¡remained¡¡of¡¡my¡¡opinions¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And£»¡¡

inasmuch¡¡as¡¡I¡¡hoped¡¡to¡¡be¡¡better¡¡able¡¡successfully¡¡to¡¡acplish¡¡this¡¡work¡¡

by¡¡holding¡¡intercourse¡¡with¡¡mankind£»¡¡than¡¡by¡¡remaining¡¡longer¡¡shut¡¡up¡¡in¡¡

the¡¡retirement¡¡where¡¡these¡¡thoughts¡¡had¡¡occurred¡¡to¡¡me£»¡¡I¡¡betook¡¡me¡¡again¡¡

to¡¡¡¡¡¡traveling¡¡¡¡¡¡before¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡winter¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡well¡¡¡¡¡¡ended¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And£»¡¡¡¡¡¡during¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡nine¡¡

subsequent¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡years£»¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡did¡¡¡¡nothing¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡roam¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡place¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡another£»¡¡

desirous¡¡of¡¡being¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡spectator¡¡rather¡¡than¡¡an¡¡actor¡¡in¡¡the¡¡plays¡¡exhibited¡¡

on¡¡the¡¡theater¡¡of¡¡the¡¡world£»¡¡and£»¡¡as¡¡I¡¡made¡¡it¡¡my¡¡business¡¡in¡¡each¡¡matter¡¡to¡¡

reflect¡¡particularly¡¡upon¡¡what¡¡might¡¡fairly¡¡be¡¡doubted¡¡and¡¡prove¡¡a¡¡source¡¡

of¡¡¡¡¡¡error£»¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡gradually¡¡¡¡¡¡rooted¡¡¡¡¡¡out¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡my¡¡¡¡¡¡mind¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡errors¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡

hitherto¡¡crept¡¡into¡¡it¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Not¡¡that¡¡in¡¡this¡¡I¡¡imitated¡¡the¡¡sceptics¡¡who¡¡doubt¡¡

only¡¡that¡¡they¡¡may¡¡doubt£»¡¡and¡¡seek¡¡nothing¡¡beyond¡¡uncertainty¡¡itself£»¡¡for£»¡¡

on¡¡the¡¡contrary£»¡¡my¡¡design¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡singly¡¡to¡¡find¡¡ground¡¡of¡¡assurance£»¡¡and¡¡

cast¡¡¡¡¡¡aside¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡loose¡¡¡¡¡¡earth¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡sand£»¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡might¡¡¡¡¡¡reach¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡rock¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

clay¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡this£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡appears¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡me£»¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡successful¡¡¡¡¡¡enough£»¡¡¡¡¡¡for£»¡¡¡¡¡¡since¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡

endeavored¡¡to¡¡discover¡¡the¡¡falsehood¡¡or¡¡incertitude¡¡of¡¡the¡¡propositions¡¡I¡¡

examined£»¡¡not¡¡by¡¡feeble¡¡conjectures£»¡¡but¡¡by¡¡clear¡¡and¡¡certain¡¡reasonings£»¡¡I¡¡

met¡¡with¡¡nothing¡¡so¡¡doubtful¡¡as¡¡not¡¡to¡¡yield¡¡some¡¡conclusion¡¡of¡¡adequate¡¡

certainty£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡although¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡merely¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡inference£»¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡matter¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡

question¡¡contained¡¡nothing¡¡certain¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And£»¡¡just¡¡as¡¡in¡¡pulling¡¡down¡¡an¡¡old¡¡

house£»¡¡we¡¡usually¡¡reserve¡¡the¡¡ruins¡¡to¡¡contribute¡¡towards¡¡the¡¡erection£»¡¡so£»¡¡

in¡¡destroying¡¡such¡¡of¡¡my¡¡opinions¡¡as¡¡I¡¡judged¡¡to¡¡be¡¡Ill¡­founded£»¡¡I¡¡made¡¡a¡¡

variety¡¡of¡¡observations¡¡and¡¡acquired¡¡an¡¡amount¡¡of¡¡experience¡¡of¡¡which¡¡I¡¡

availed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡myself¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡establishment¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡certain¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡further£»¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡

continued¡¡to¡¡exercise¡¡myself¡¡in¡¡the¡¡method¡¡I¡¡had¡¡prescribed£»¡¡for£»¡¡besides¡¡

taking¡¡care¡¡in¡¡general¡¡to¡¡conduct¡¡all¡¡my¡¡thoughts¡¡according¡¡to¡¡its¡¡rules£»¡¡I¡¡

reserved¡¡some¡¡hours¡¡from¡¡time¡¡to¡¡time¡¡which¡¡I¡¡expressly¡¡devoted¡¡to¡¡the¡¡

employment¡¡of¡¡the¡¡method¡¡in¡¡the¡¡solution¡¡of¡¡mathematical¡¡difficulties£»¡¡or¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡22¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡23¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡DISCOURSE¡¡ON¡¡THE¡¡METHOD¡¡OF¡¡RIGHTLY¡¡CONDUCTING¡¡THE¡¡REASON£»¡¡AND¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡SEEKING¡¡TRUTH¡¡IN¡¡THE¡¡SCIENCES¡¡



even¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡solution¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡likewise¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡questions¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡belonging¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡other¡¡

sciences£»¡¡but¡¡which£»¡¡by¡¡my¡¡having¡¡detached¡¡them¡¡from¡¡such¡¡principles¡¡of¡¡

these¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡sciences¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡inadequate¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡certainty£»¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡rendered¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡almost¡¡

mathematical£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡truth¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡manifest¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡numerous¡¡

examples¡¡¡¡¡¡contained¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡volume¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡¡¡¡¡thus£»¡¡¡¡¡¡without¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡appearance¡¡

living¡¡¡¡¡¡otherwise¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡those¡¡¡¡¡¡who£»¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡¡¡¡¡occupation¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

spending¡¡their¡¡lives¡¡agreeably¡¡and¡¡innocently£»¡¡study¡¡to¡¡sever¡¡pleasure¡¡from¡¡

vice£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡who£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡may¡¡¡¡¡¡enjoy¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡leisure¡¡¡¡¡¡without¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ennui£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡

recourse¡¡to¡¡such¡¡pursuits¡¡as¡¡are¡¡honorable£»¡¡I¡¡was¡¡nevertheless¡¡prosecuting¡¡

my¡¡design£»¡¡and¡¡making¡¡greater¡¡progress¡¡in¡¡the¡¡knowledge¡¡of¡¡truth£»¡¡than¡¡I¡¡

might£»¡¡¡¡¡¡perhaps£»¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡made¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡engaged¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡perusal¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡books¡¡

merely£»¡¡or¡¡in¡¡holding¡¡converse¡¡with¡¡men
СÌáʾ£º°´ »Ø³µ [Enter] ¼ü ·µ»ØÊéÄ¿£¬°´ ¡û ¼ü ·µ»ØÉÏÒ»Ò³£¬ °´ ¡ú ¼ü ½øÈëÏÂÒ»Ò³¡£ ÔÞһϠÌí¼ÓÊéÇ©¼ÓÈëÊé¼Ü