uggested how inventions could be used in the future to allow man to do things that were considered impossible in his own time。 Jules Verne died in 1905； long before any of his dreams came true。
At the beginning of 20；000 Leagues Under the Sea； one of his most famous novels； ships are disappearing all over the world and it is believed to be caused by a sea monster。 Dr Aronnax； his servant and a Canadian whale hunter set out to find the monster。 After months of searching they find it and in the collision that follows； the three companions are thrown overboard。 In their efforts to survive； they find themselves in the surface of the monster itself； which turns out to be a submarine。 They are taken on board and Captain Nemo decides not to kill them but makes them his permanent guests。 From that day on they start planning their escape。
Captain Nemo takes them on a voyage across the oceans。 The Nautilus is an extraordinary ship。 The furniture is precious and huge glass windows that can be opened and closed give a view of the underwater world。 The ship is also very strong and protected with thick iron plates。 All that is needed for life on board comes from the ocean。 Electricity is used for light； heating； power and to defend the ship against attacks。 The food aboard the Nautilus is all sea food。
Dressed in diving suits； they walk around in this magic world； lighted by the lamps of the ship。 They find themselves surrounded by colorful rocks； fishes； seashells and plants； all waving and moving slowly in the blue waters。
Readers have wondered about the character of Captain Nemo ever since the book was published。 You could say he is someone you will neither like nor dislike。
You might think that he is a cruel man because he keeps Aronax and the others as prisoners and destroys ships。 But at other moments you will find him gentle and weak； when he cries about the lost lives of people drowned in ships that have sunk。
Another wonderful story is that of Journey to the Center of the Earth。 The story begins with the discovery of an ancient document in an old book。 It explains how to find a secret road to the centre of the earth。 Two men decide to go on this adventure and travel to Iceland； where they enter the earth through a chimney in a dead volcano。 Their guide leads them through a narrow passage deep into the earth。 Passing through layers of coal and marble they go deeper and deeper。 They drink the water from a boiling underground river and after many days they reach a huge lake or underground ocean。 Walking along its shores they go through forests of mushrooms and plants that lived on the earth millions of years ago。 They build a raft to cross the sea and are attacked by ancient sea creatures。 In the end； their raft is drawn into a fast stream and with ever increasing speed and temperatures they are shot out of a volcano in southern Italy。
儒勒·凡尔纳于1828年出生在法国。他的父亲送他到巴黎去学习法律， 而凡尔纳却对戏剧产生了兴趣。为了生计，凡尔纳不得不从事写作并出售他的小说。儒勒花了许多时间在巴黎图书馆里学习生物学，应用科学和许多其他科目。他把当时最新的思想和一些科技发明作品写进了他的书里。他小说中涉及到的很多设备都会让读者想到本杰明·弗兰克林所做的电的实验。
通过将他所处年代的科学发展向前推进一步，
儒勒·凡尔纳奠定了现代科幻小说的基础。他还阐述了怎样将科学发明应用到将来生活中， 以便让人们去做那些在当时看似不可能做的事情。1905年， 儒勒·凡尔纳去世了，他的梦想还远远没有实现。
在他的著名小说之一《海底两万里》这本书的开头，全世界的船只正在消失，人们认为这是由海底怪兽引起的。
埃瑞纳克斯博士和他的仆人还有一位加拿大的捕鲸者一起出发去寻找海怪。经过数月的搜寻，他们找到了它，在随后的搏斗中，他们三人都被抛出了船外。在他们努力求生时，
发现自己就在怪兽的身体上面，结果怪兽竟然是一艘潜水艇。他们被带到了艇上，尼莫船长没有杀他们，反而要他们永远做他的客人呆在船上。从那天开始，他们就开始计划着逃跑。
尼莫船长带着他们横跨大洋航行。诺特拉斯是一艘不同一般的船。船上的摆设很精致，巨大的玻璃窗可以打开或关上， 让人看到水下的世界。船体用非常厚的铁块保护着，很结实。船上的一切生活所需全来自海洋。电用来照明，取暖，当武器来抵御侵袭。船上的食品都是海洋食物。他们身着潜水衣，在船灯光照耀下的魔幻般的世界里四处走动。
他们发现周围全是五彩缤纷的礁石，鱼儿，海贝和水生植物，它们都在蓝蓝的海水中慢慢地移动。自从此书出版后，读者们就对尼莫船长的性格感到困惑。
你也许会说既不喜欢他也不讨厌他。你会觉得他是个冷酷的人，因为把埃瑞纳克斯和其他的人当作囚犯囚禁起来，并且还捣毁了船只。但是当他为沉船而淹死的人们哭泣的时候，你又觉得他温柔和脆弱的一面。
《地心之旅》是他的另一个优秀的故事。故事以在一旧本书里发现了一份旧文件开头。这份文件对怎样找到通向地心的秘密通道作了说明。两个人决定去探险，他们去了冰岛，通过一座死火山的通道进入地球。
在向导的带领下，他们穿过一道狭窄的通道来到地下深处。经过了煤层和大理石层后，他们走得越来越深。渴了，他们就喝地下热水，许多天之后，他们到达了一个大湖或者说是地下海洋。他们沿着海岸走，穿过了一些森林，森林里有许多蘑菇和百万年前就生长在地球上的植物。他们造了一个木筏来渡海，途中遭到了古代海洋生物的袭击。最后他们的木筏驶进了一条湍急的小溪，随着逐步加快的速度和逐步升高的气温，
他们从意大利南部的一座火山中被抛射了出来。
重点、难点、考点及疑点注释
1。To make a living； Verne had to write and sell stories。 为了生计，凡尔纳不得不从事写作并出售他的小说。
动词不定式to make a living表示目的。living 名词，意为“生活，生计”，make （earn） a living为固定短语，表示“谋生”之意。
He finds it was difficult to make （earn） a living。 他发现谋生很困难。
They lead a high standard of living。 他们生活水平很高。
to make a living 还可用作为形容词，表示“活的；有生命的，逼真的，现存的”等意思。
The living are more important to us than the dead。对我们来说活着的人比死去的人更重要。
She is the living image of her young mother。她活像她母亲年轻时的样子。
2。By taking the scientific developments of his day one step further； Jules Verne laid the foundation of modern science fiction。 通过将他所处的年代的科学发展向前推进一步，儒勒·凡尔纳奠定了现代科幻小说的基础。
（1） by taking the scientific…中的by为表示方式的介词，意为“通过”，其后一般跟名词或动名词。
By reading a lot of books； he became a learned man。通过大量的阅读，他成了博学的人。
（2） lay the foundation of表示“建立……的基础，为……做奠基”之意。
Slavery provided the foundation for many ancient types of society。 奴隶制为古代社会体制提供了基础。
3。Jules Verne died in 1905； long before any of his dreams came true。
1905年，儒勒·凡尔纳去世了，他的梦想还远远没有实现。
long before是“很久以前”的意思。单独使用，一般用在过去完成时的句子里。
She said she had seen the film long before。她说她很久以前就看过这部电影。
I had known about him long before we met。在我们没有碰面之前，我老早就知道他了。
4。Dr Aronnax； his servant and a Canadian whale hunter set out to find the monster。
埃瑞纳克斯博士和他的仆人还有一位加拿大的捕鲸者一起出发去寻找海怪。
（1） hunt＋er=hunter意为“猎人；搜索者；热切的追寻者”。
The hunters camped in the midst of the thick forest。 猎人们在密林深处宿营。
All are not hunters that blow the horn。＇谚＇吹号角的未必都是猎人。
（2） set out to do sth。=set about doing sth。 为固定短语，表示“出发干某事；动身去干某事”之意。
They set out to find the lost boy in the forest。他们开始动身到森林里去找那个丢失的男孩子。
5。In their efforts to survive； they find themselves in the surface of the monster itself； which turns out to be a submarine。 在他们努力求生存时，发现自己就在怪兽的身体上面，结果怪兽竟然是一艘潜水艇。
（1） which turns out to be a submarine 为非限定性性定语从句，用来修饰the monster。in their effort＝ when they made their effort so that they could survive，其中的in表示一种事情正处于某种状态或进行中的意思。
（2） find themselves in the surface为find＋sth。/sb。 ＋介词短语结构。
They found the matches girl lying on the ground； died from cold。 他们发现卖火柴的小女孩躺在地上冻死了。
（3） turn out to be为固定短语，常与to； that连用，表示结果。
Things turned out to be exactly as the professor had foreseen。事情正如教授所预见的那样。
6。Captain Nemo takes them on a voyage across the oceans。尼莫船长带着他们横跨大洋航行。
voyage名词，表示“航行，旅行”。我们以前学过的表示旅行的词主要有：journey、trip、tour、voyage，它们各自的侧重点不同。
7。All that is needed for life on board comes from the ocean。 船上的一切生活所需全来自海洋。
on board表示“在船上，在公共交通工具内”之意。
We went on board the ship。 我们登上了轮船。
8。dressed in diving suits； they walk around in this magic world； lighted by the lamps of the ship。 身着潜水衣，他们在船灯光照耀下的魔幻般的世界里四处走动。
（1） dressed in diving suits=They were dressed in diving suits；整个句子的主语为they，跟dress的主语一致并构成被动关系，故可省略，只保留过去分词做状语。
（2） lighted by the lamps of the ship相当于一个非限定性性定语从句 which was lighted by lamps of the ship。 句中的by为副词，为“用，借助”之意。
Though it is dark； the farmers are still working in the field by the light of their tractors。
尽管天黑了，农民们还在借着他们拖拉机的亮光继续劳动。
9。You could say he is someone you will neither like nor dislike。 你也许会说，你既不喜欢他也不讨厌他。
（1） could为情态动词，并非为can的过去式。它表示可能性，意为“能，可能，可以”。
If I could go with you； I should feel very glad。假如我能同你们一起去，我会感到非常高兴。
You could have been more considerate。你本来可以更慎重些。
（2） dislike=do not like，为及物动词，表示“不喜欢，厌恶”之意。后常跟名词或动名词形式。
He likes cats but dislikes dogs。 他喜欢猫但不喜欢狗。
She strongly disliked being spoken to like that。她很不喜欢别人对她这样说话。
dislike也可用作名词，表示“不喜欢；厌恶”。
I felt a strong dislike of the new teacher。我感到很不喜欢这个新教员。
I have taken a strong dislike of him。 我极不喜欢他。
10。Another wonderful story is that of Journey to the Center of the Earth。
《地心之旅》是他的另一个优秀的故事。
that在句中为代词，代指 the st