ing to a flying crupper； a strange centaur； half man； half bell； a sort of horrible Astolphus； borne away upon a prodigious hippogriff of living bronze。
The presence of this extraordinary being caused； as it were； a breath of life to circulate throughout the entire cathedral。 It seemed as though there escaped from him； at least according to the growing superstitions of the crowd； a mysterious emanation which animated all the stones of Notre…Dame； and made the deep bowels of the ancient church to palpitate。 It sufficed for people to know that he was there； to make them believe that they beheld the thousand statues of the galleries and the fronts in motion。 And the cathedral did indeed seem a docile and obedient creature beneath his hand； it waited on his will to raise its great voice； it was possessed and filled with Quasimodo； as with a familiar spirit。 One would have said that he made the immense edifice breathe。 He was everywhere about it； in fact； he multiplied himself on all points of the structure。 Now one perceived with affright at the very top of one of the towers； a fantastic dwarf climbing； writhing； crawling on all fours； descending outside above the abyss； leaping from projection to projection； and going to ransack the belly of some sculptured gorgon； it was Quasimodo dislodging the crows。 Again； in some obscure corner of the church one came in contact with a sort of living chimera； crouching and scowling； it was Quasimodo engaged in thought。 Sometimes one caught sight； upon a bell tower； of an enormous head and a bundle of disordered limbs swinging furiously at the end of a rope； it was Quasimodo ringing vespers or the Angelus。 Often at night a hideous form was seen wandering along the frail balustrade of carved lacework； which crowns the towers and borders the circumference of the apse； again it was the hunchback of Notre…Dame。 Then； said the women of the neighborhood； the whole church took on something fantastic； supernatural； horrible； eyes and mouths were opened； here and there； one heard the dogs； the monsters； and the gargoyles of stone； which keep watch night and day； with outstretched neck and open jaws； around the monstrous cathedral； barking。 And； if it was a Christmas Eve； while the great bell； which seemed to emit the death rattle； summoned the faithful to the midnight mass； such an air was spread over the sombre fa？ade that one would have declared that the grand portal was devouring the throng； and that the rose window was watching it。 And all this came from Quasimodo。 Egypt would have taken him for the god of this temple； the Middle Ages believed him to be its demon： he was in fact its soul。
To such an extent was this disease that for those who know that Quasimodo has existed； Notre…Dame is to…day deserted； inanimate； dead。 One feels that something has disappeared from it。 That immense body is empty； it is a skeleton； the spirit has quitted it； one sees its place and that is all。 It is like a skull which still has holes for the eyes； but no longer sight。
CHAPTER IV。
THE DOG AND HIS MASTER。
Nevertheless； there was one human creature whom Quasimodo excepted from his malice and from his hatred for others； and whom he loved even more； perhaps； than his cathedral： this was Claude Frollo。
The matter was simple； Claude Frollo had taken him in； had adopted him； had nourished him； had reared him。 When a little lad； it was between Claude Frollo's legs that he was accustomed to seek refuge； when the dogs and the children barked after him。 Claude Frollo had taught him to talk； to read； to write。 Claude Frollo had finally made him the bellringer。 Now； to give the big bell in marriage to Quasimodo was to give Juliet to Romeo。
Hence Quasimodo's gratitude was profound； passionate； boundless； and although the visage of his adopted father was often clouded or severe； although his speech was habitually curt； harsh； imperious； that gratitude never wavered for a single moment。 The archdeacon had in Quasimodo the most submissive slave； the most docile lackey； the most vigilant of dogs。 When the poor bellringer became deaf； there had been established between him and Claude Frollo； a language of signs； mysterious and understood by themselves alone。 In this manner the archdeacon was the sole human being with whom Quasimodo had preserved communication。 He was in sympathy with but two things in this world： Notre… Dame and Claude Frollo。
There is nothing which can be compared with the empire of the archdeacon over the bellringer； with the attachment of the bellringer for the archdeacon。 A sign from Claude and the idea of giving him pleasure would have sufficed to make Quasimodo hurl himself headlong from the summit of Notre… Dame。 It was a remarkable thingall that physical strength which had reached in Quasimodo such an extraordinary development； and which was placed by him blindly at the disposition of another。 There was in it； no doubt； filial devotion； domestic attachment； there was also the fascination of one spirit by another spirit。 It was a poor； awkward； and clumsy organization； which stood with lowered head and supplicating eyes before a lofty and profound； a powerful and superior intellect。 Lastly； and above all； it was gratitude。 Gratitude so pushed to its extremest limit； that we do not know to what to compare it。 This virtue is not one of those of which the finest examples are to be met with among men。 We will say then； that Quasimodo loved the archdeacon as never a dog； never a horse； never an elephant loved his master。
CHAPTER V。
MORE ABOUT CLAUDE FROLLO。
In 1482； Quasimodo was about twenty years of age； Claude Frollo； about thirty…six。 One had grown up； the other had grown old。
Claude Frollo was no longer the simple scholar of the college of Torch； the tender protector of a little child； the young and dreamy philosopher who knew many things and was ignorant of many。 He was a priest； austere； grave； morose； one charged with souls； monsieur the archdeacon of Josas； the bishop's second acolyte； having charge of the two deaneries of Montlhéry； and Chateaufort； and one hundred and seventy…four country curacies。 He was an imposing and sombre personage； before whom the choir boys in alb and in jacket trembled； as well as the machicots*； and the brothers of Saint…Augustine and the matutinal clerks of Notre…Dame； when he passed slowly beneath the lofty arches of the choir； majestic； thoughtful； with arms folded and his head so bent upon his breast that all one saw of his face was his large； bald brow。
* An official of Notre…Dame； lower than a beneficed clergyman； higher than simple paid chanters。
Dom Claude Frollo had； however； abandoned neither science nor the education of his young brother； those two occupations of his life。 But as time went on； some bitterness had been mingled with these things which were so sweet。 In the long run； says Paul Diacre； the best lard turns rancid。 Little Jehan Frollo； surnamed （~du Moulin~） 〃of the Mill〃 because of the place where he had been reared； had not grown up in the direction which Claude would have liked to impose upon him。 The big brother counted upon a pious； docile； learned； and honorable pupil。 But the little brother； like those young trees which deceive the gardener's hopes and turn obstinately to the quarter whence they receive sun and air； the little brother did not grow and did not multiply； but only put forth fine bushy and luxuriant branches on the side of laziness； ignorance； and debauchery。 He was a regular devil； and a very disorderly one； who made Dom Claude scowl； but very droll and very subtle； which made the big brother smile。
Claude had confided him to that same college of Torchi where he had passed his early years in study and meditation； and it was a grief to him that this sanctuary； formerly edified by the name of Frollo； should to…day be scandalized by it。 He sometimes preached Jehan very long and severe sermons； which the latter intrepidly endured。 After all； the young scapegrace had a good heart； as can be seen in all comedies。 But the sermon over； he none the less tranquilly resumed his course of seditions and enormities。 Now it was a ~bejaune~ or yellow beak （as they called the new arrivals at the university）； whom he had been mauling by way of welcome； a precious tradition which has been carefully preserved to our own day。 Again； he had set in movement a band of scholars； who had flung themselves upon a wine…shop in classic fashion； quasi ~classico excitati~； had then beaten the tavern…keeper 〃with offensive cudgels；〃 and joyously pillaged the tavern； even to smashing in the hogsheads of wine in the cellar。 And then it was a fine report in Latin； which the sub…monitor of Torchi carried piteously to Dom Claude with this dolorous marginal comment；~Rixa； prima causa vinum optimum potatum~。 Finally； it was said； a thing quite horrible in a boy of sixteen； that his debauchery often extended as far as the Rue de Glatigny。
Claude； saddened and discouraged in his human affections； by all this； had flung himself eagerly into the arms of learning； that sister which； at least does not laugh in your face； and which always pays you； though in money that is sometimes a little hollow； for the attention which you have paid to her。 Hence； he became more and more learned； and； at the same time； as a natural consequence； more and more rigid as a priest； more and more sad as a man。 There are for each of us several parallelisms between our intelligence； our habits； and our character； which develop without a break； and break only in the great disturbances of life。
As Claude Frollo had passed through nearly the entire circle of human learningpositive； exterior； and permissiblesince his youth； he was obliged； unless he came to a halt； ~ubi defuit orbis~； to proceed further and seek other aliments for the insatiable activity of his intelligence。 The antique symbol of the serpent biting its tail is； above all； applicable to science。 It would appear that Claude Frollo had experienced this。 Many grave persons affirm that； after having exhausted the ~fas~ of human learning； he had dared to penetrate into the ~nefas~。 He had； they said； tasted in succession all the apples of the