never decrees cruel war against them。 Neither famine nor disaster ever haunt men who do true justice； but light…heartedly they tend the fields which are all their care。 The earth bears them victual in plenty； and on the mountains the oak bears acorns upon the top and bees in the midst。 Their woolly sheep are laden with fleeces； their women bear children like their parents。 They flourish continually with good things； and do not travel on ships； for the grain…giving earth bears them fruit。
（ll。 238…247） But for those who practise violence and cruel deeds far…seeing Zeus； the son of Cronos； ordains a punishment。 Often even a whole city suffers for a bad man who sins and devises presumptuous deeds； and the son of Cronos lays great trouble upon the people； famine and plague together； so that the men perish away； and their women do not bear children； and their houses become few； through the contriving of Olympian Zeus。 And again； at another time； the son of Cronos either destroys their wide army； or their walls； or else makes an end of their ships on the sea。
（ll。 248…264） You princes； mark well this punishment you also； for the deathless gods are near among men and mark all those who oppress their fellows with crooked judgements； and reck not the anger of the gods。 For upon the bounteous earth Zeus has thrice ten thousand spirits； watchers of mortal men； and these keep watch on judgements and deeds of wrong as they roam； clothed in mist； all over the earth。 And there is virgin Justice； the daughter of Zeus； who is honoured and reverenced among the gods who dwell on Olympus； and whenever anyone hurts her with lying slander； she sits beside her father； Zeus the son of Cronos； and tells him of men's wicked heart； until the people pay for the mad folly of their princes who； evilly minded； pervert judgement and give sentence crookedly。 Keep watch against this； you princes； and make straight your judgements； you who devour bribes； put crooked judgements altogether from your thoughts。
（ll。 265…266） He does mischief to himself who does mischief to another； and evil planned harms the plotter most。
（ll。 267…273） The eye of Zeus； seeing all and understanding all； beholds these things too； if so he will； and fails not to mark what sort of justice is this that the city keeps within it。 Now； therefore； may neither I myself be righteous among men； nor my son for then it is a bad thing to be righteous if indeed the unrighteous shall have the greater right。 But I think that all…wise Zeus will not yet bring that to pass。
（ll。 274…285） But you； Perses； lay up these things within you heart and listen now to right； ceasing altogether to think of violence。 For the son of Cronos has ordained this law for men； that fishes and beasts and winged fowls should devour one another； for right is not in them； but to mankind he gave right which proves far the best。 For whoever knows the right and is ready to speak it； far…seeing Zeus gives him prosperity； but whoever deliberately lies in his witness and forswears himself； and so hurts Justice and sins beyond repair； that man's generation is left obscure thereafter。 But the generation of the man who swears truly is better thenceforward。
（ll。 286…292） To you； foolish Perses； I will speak good sense。 Badness can be got easily and in shoals： the road to her is smooth； and she lives very near us。 But between us and Goodness the gods have placed the sweat of our brows： long and steep is the path that leads to her； and it is rough at the first； but when a man has reached the top； then is she easy to reach； though before that she was hard。
（ll。 293…319） That man is altogether best who considers all things himself and marks what will be better afterwards and at the end； and he； again； is good who listens to a good adviser； but whoever neither thinks for himself nor keeps in mind what another tells him； he is an unprofitable man。 But do you at any rate； always remembering my charge； work； high…born Perses； that Hunger may hate you； and venerable Demeter richly crowned may love you and fill your barn with food； for Hunger is altogether a meet comrade for the sluggard。 Both gods and men are angry with a man who lives idle； for in nature he is like the stingless drones who waste the labour of the bees； eating without working； but let it be your care to order your work properly； that in the right season your barns may be full of victual。 Through work men grow rich in flocks and substance； and working they are much better loved by the immortals （8）。 Work is no disgrace： it is idleness which is a disgrace。 But if you work； the idle will soon envy you as you grow rich； for fame and renown attend on wealth。 And whatever be your lot； work is best for you； if you turn your misguided mind away from other men's property to your work and attend to your livelihood as I bid you。 An evil shame is the needy man's companion； shame which both greatly harms and prospers men： shame is with poverty； but confidence with wealth。
（ll。 320…341） Wealth should not be seized： god…given wealth is much better； for it a man take great wealth violently and perforce； or if he steal it through his tongue； as often happens when gain deceives men's sense and dishonour tramples down honour； the gods soon blot him out and make that man's house low； and wealth attends him only for a little time。 Alike with him who does wrong to a suppliant or a guest； or who goes up to his brother's bed and commits unnatural sin in lying with his wife； or who infatuately offends against fatherless children； or who abuses his old father at the cheerless threshold of old age and attacks him with harsh words； truly Zeus himself is angry； and at the last lays on him a heavy requittal for his evil doing。 But do you turn your foolish heart altogether away from these things； and； as far as you are able； sacrifice to the deathless gods purely and cleanly； and burn rich meats also； and at other times propitiate them with libations and incense； both when you go to bed and when the holy light has come back； that they may be gracious to you in heart and spirit； and so you may buy another's holding and not another yours。
（ll。 342…351） Call your friend to a feast； but leave your enemy alone； and especially call him who lives near you： for if any mischief happen in the place； neighbours come ungirt； but kinsmen stay to gird themselves （9）。 A bad neighbour is as great a plague as a good one is a great blessing； he who enjoys a good neighbour has a precious possession。 Not even an ox would die but for a bad neighbour。 Take fair measure from your neighbour and pay him back fairly with the same measure； or better； if you can； so that if you are in need afterwards； you may find him sure。
（ll。 352…369） Do not get base gain： base gain is as bad as ruin。 Be friends with the friendly； and visit him who visits you。 Give to one who gives； but do not give to one who does not give。 A man gives to the free…handed； but no one gives to the close… fisted。 Give is a good girl； but Take is bad and she brings death。 For the man who gives willingly； even though he gives a great thing； rejoices in his gift and is glad in heart； but whoever gives way to shamelessness and takes something himself； even though it be a small thing； it freezes his heart。 He who adds to what he has； will keep off bright…eyed hunger； for it you add only a little to a little and do this often； soon that little will become great。 What a man has by him at home does not trouble him： it is better to have your stuff at home； for whatever is abroad may mean loss。 It is a good thing to draw on what you have； but it grieves your heart to need something and not to have it； and I bid you mark this。 Take your fill when the cask is first opened and when it is nearly spent； but midways be sparing： it is poor saving when you come to the lees。
（ll。 370…372） Let the wage promised to a friend be fixed； even with your brother smile and get a witness； for trust and mistrust； alike ruin men。
（ll。 373…375） Do not let a flaunting woman coax and cozen and deceive you： she is after your barn。 The man who trusts womankind trust deceivers。
（ll。 376…380） There should be an only son； to feed his father's house； for so wealth will increase in the home； but if you leave a second son you should die old。 Yet Zeus can easily give great wealth to a greater number。 More hands mean more work and more increase。
（ll。 381…382） If your heart within you desires wealth； do these things and work with work upon work。
（ll。 383…404） When the Pleiades； daughters of Atlas； are rising （10）； begin your harvest； and your ploughing when they are going to set （11）。 Forty nights and days they are hidden and appear again as the year moves round； when first you sharpen your sickle。 This is the law of the plains； and of those who live near the sea； and who inhabit rich country； the glens and dingles far from the tossing sea； strip to sow and strip to plough and strip to reap； if you wish to get in all Demeter's fruits in due season； and that each kind may grow in its season。 Else； afterwards； you may chance to be in want； and go begging to other men's houses； but without avail； as you have already come to me。 But I will give you no more nor give you further measure。 Foolish Perses！ Work the work which the gods ordained for men； lest in bitter anguish of spirit you with your wife and children seek your livelihood amongst your neighbours； and they do not heed you。 Two or three times； may be； you will succeed； but if you trouble them further； it will not avail you； and all your talk will be in vain； and your word…play unprofitable。 Nay； I bid you find a way to pay your debts and avoid hunger。
（ll。 405…413） First of all； get a house； and a woman and an ox for the plough a slave woman and not a wife； to follow the oxen as well and make everything ready at home； so that you may not have to ask of another； and he refuses you； and so； because you are in lack； the season pass by and your work come to nothing。 Do not put your work off till to…morrow and the day after； for a sluggish worker does not fill his barn； nor one who puts off his work： industry makes work go well； but a man who putts off work is always at hand…gr