the greatest advantage of Athens and for our own personal happiness！
May the award be given her who； by both deeds and words； has most
deserved it from the Athenian people and from the women！ Address these
prayers to heaven and demand happiness for yourselves。 Io Paean！ Io
Paean！ Let us rejoice！
CHORUS （singing）
May the gods deign to accept our vows and our prayers！ Oh！
almighty Zeus； and thou； god with the golden lyre； who reignest on
sacred Delos； and thou； oh； invincible virgin； Pallas； with the eyes
of azure and the spear of gold； who protectest our illustrious city；
and thou； the daughter of the beautiful Leto； queen of the forests；
who art adored under many names； hasten hither at my call。 Come；
thou mighty Posidon； king of the Ocean； leave thy stormy whirlpools of
Nereus； come； goddesses of the seas； come； ye nymphs； who wander on
the mountains。 Let us unite our voices to the sounds of the golden
lyre； and may wisdom preside at the gathering of the noble matrons
of Athens。
WOMAN HERALD
Address your prayers to the gods and goddesses of Olympus； of
Delphi； Delos and all other places； if there be a man who is
plotting against the womenfolk or who； to injure them； is proposing
peace to Euripides and the Medes； or who aspires to usurping the
tyranny； plots the return of a tyrant； or unmasks a supposititious
child； or if there be a slave who； a confidential party to a wife's
intrigues； reveals them secretly to her husband； or who； entrusted
with a message； does not deliver the same faithfully； if there be a
lover who fulfils naught of what he has promised a woman； whom he
has abused on the strength of his lies； if there be an old woman who
seduces the lover of a maiden by dint of her presents and
treacherously receives him in her house； if there be a host or hostess
who sells false measure； pray the gods that they will overwhelm them
with their wrath； both them and their families； and that they may
reserve all their favours for you。
CHORUS （singing）
Let us ask the fulfilment of these wishes both for the city and
for the people； and may the wisest of us cause her opinion to be
accepted。 But woe to those women who break their oaths； who
speculate on the public misfortune； who seek to alter the laws and the
decrees； who reveal our secrets to the foe and admit the Medes into
our territory so that they may devastate it！ I declare them both
impious and criminal。 Oh！ almighty Zeus！ see to it that the gods
protect us； albeit we are but women！
WOMAN HERALD
Hearken； all of you！ this is the decree passed by the Senate of
the Women under the presidency of Timoclea and at the suggestion of
Sostrate； it is signed by Lysilla； the secretary： 〃There will be a
gathering of the people on the morning of the third day of the
Thesmophoria； which is a day of rest for us； the principal business
there shall be the punishment that it is meet to inflict upon
Euripides for the insults with which he has loaded us。〃 Now who asks
to speak？
FIRST WOMAN
I do。
WOMAN HERALD
First put on this garland； and then speak。
LEADER OF THE CHORUS
Silence！ let all be quiet！ Pay attention！ for here she is spitting
as orators generally do before they begin； no doubt she has much to
say。
FIRST WOMAN
If I have asked to speak； may the goddesses bear me witness； it
was not for sake of ostentation。 But I have long been pained to see us
women insulted by this Euripides； this son of the green…stuff woman；
who loads us with every kind of indignity。 Has he not hit us enough；
calumniated us sufficiently； wherever there are spectators；
tragedians； and a chorus？ Does； he not style us adulterous； lecherous；
bibulous； treacherous； and garrulous？ Does he not repeat that we are
all vice； that we are the curse of our husbands？ So that； directly
they come back from the theatre； they look at us doubtfully and go
searching every nook； fearing there may be some hidden lover。 We can
do nothing as we used to； so many are the false ideas which he has
instilled into our husbands。 Is a woman weaving a garland for herself？
It's because she is in love。 Does she let some vase drop while going
or returning to the house？ her husband asks her in whose honour she
has broken it： 〃It can only be for that Corinthian stranger。〃 Is a
maiden unwell？ Straightway her brother says； 〃That is a colour that
does not please me。〃 And if a childless woman wishes to substitute
one； the deceit can no longer be a secret； for the neighbours will
insist on being present at her delivery。 Formerly the old men
married young girls； but they have been so calumniated that none think
of them now； thanks to that line of his： 〃A woman is the tyrant of the
old man who marries her。〃 Again； it is because of Euripides that we
are incessantly watched； that we are shut up behind bolts and bars；
and that dogs are kept to frighten off the adulterers。 Let that
pass； but formerly it was we who had the care of the food； who fetched
the flour from the storeroom； the oil and the wine； we can do it no
more。 Our husbands now carry little Spartan keys on their persons；
made with three notches and full of malice and spite。 Formerly it
sufficed to purchase a ring marked with the same sign for three obols；
to open the most securely sealed…up door！ but now this pestilent
Euripides has taught men to hang seals of worm…eaten wood about
their necks。 My opinion； therefore； is that we should rid ourselves of
our enemy by poison or by any other means； provided he dies。 That is
what I announce publicly； as to certain points； which I wish to keep
secret； I propose to record them on the secretary's minutes。
CHORUS （singing）
Never have I listened to a cleverer or more eloquent woman。
Everything she says is true； she has examined the matter from all
sides and has weighed up every detail。 Her arguments are close；
varied； and happily chosen。 I believe that Xenocles himself； the son
of Carcinus； would seem to talk mere nonsense； if placed beside her。
SECOND WOMAN
I have only a very few words to add； for the last speaker has
covered the various points of the indictment； allow me only to tell
you what happened to me。 My husband died at Cyprus； leaving me five
children； whom I had great trouble to bring up by weaving chaplets
on the myrtle market。 Anyhow； I lived as well as I could until this
wretch had persuaded the spectators by his tragedies that there were
no gods； since then I have not sold as many chaplets by half。 I charge
you therefore and exhort you all to punish him； for does he not
deserve it in a thousand respects； he who loads you with troubles； who
is as coarse toward you as the vegetables upon which his mother reared
him？ But I must back to the market to weave my chaplets； I have twenty
to deliver yet。
CHORUS （singing）
This is even more animated and more trenchant than the first
speech； all she has just said is full of good sense and to the
point； it is clever； clear and well calculated to convince。 Yes！ we
must have striking vengeance on the insults of Euripides。
MNESILOCHUS
Oh； women！ I am not astonished at these outbursts of fiery rage；
how could your bile not get inflamed against Euripides； who has spoken
so ill of you？ As for myself； I hate the man； I swear it by my
children； it would be madness not to hate him！ Yet； let us reflect a
little； we are alone and our words will not be repeated outside。 Why
be so bent on his ruin？ Because he has known and shown up two or three
of our faults； when we have a thousand？ As for myself； not to speak of
other women； I have more than one great sin upon my conscience； but
this is the blackest of them。 I had been married three days and my
husband was asleep by my side； I had a lover； who had seduced me
when I was seven years old； impelled by his passion； he came
scratching at the door； I understood at once he was there and was
going down noiselessly。 〃Where are you going？〃 asked my husband。 〃I am
suffering terribly with colic；〃 I told him； 〃and am going to the can。〃
〃Go ahead；〃 he replied； and started pounding together juniper berries；
aniseed； and sage。 As for myself； I moistened the door…hinge and
went to find my lover； who laid me； half…reclining upon Apollo's altar
and holding on to the sacred laurel with one hand。 Well now！ Consider！
that is a thing of which Euripides has never spoken。 And when we
bestow our favours on slaves and muleteers for want of better； does he
mention this？ And when we eat garlic early in the morning after a
night of wantonness； so that our husband； who has been keeping guard
upon the city wall； may be reassured by the smell and suspect nothing；
has Euripides ever breathed a word of this？ Tell me。 Neither has he
spoken of the woman who spreads open a large cloak before her
husband's eyes to make him admire it in full daylight to conceal her
lover by so doing and afford him the means of making his escape。 I
know another； who for ten whole days pretended to be suffering the
pains of labour until she had secured a child； the husband hurried
in all directions to buy drugs to hasten her deliverance； and
meanwhile an old woman brought the infant in a stew…pot； to prevent
its crying she had stopped up its mouth with honey。 With a sign she
told the wife that she was bringing a child for her； who at once began
exclaiming； 〃Go away； friend； go away； I think I am going to be
delivered； I can feel him kicking his heels in the belly 。。。。of the
stew…pot。〃 The husband goes off full of joy； and the old wretch
quickly takes the honey out of the child's mouth； which starts crying；
then she seizes the baby； runs to the father and tells him with a
smile on her face； 〃It's a lion； a lion； that is born to you； it's
your very image。 Everything about it is like you； even his little
tool； curved like the sky。〃 Are these not our everyday tricks？ Why
certainly； by Artemis； and we； are