the part of the bitterest enemies； for they cast such reproaches
upon the deceased as are not fit to be spoken of； and so many of
them as were then soldiers； which were a great number； went to
his house； and hastily carried off the statues （24） of this
king's daughters； and all at once carried them into the
brothel…houses； and when they had set them on the tops of those
houses； they abused them to the utmost of their power； and did
such things to them as are too indecent to be related。 They also
laid themselves down in public places； and celebrated general
feastings； with garlands on their heads； and with ointments and
libations to Charon； and drinking to one another for joy that the
king was expired。 Nay； they were not only unmindful of Agrippa；
who had extended his liberality to them in abundance； but of his
grandfather Herod also； who had himself rebuilt their cities； and
had raised them havens and temples at vast expenses。
2。 Now Agrippa； the son of the deceased； was at Rome； and brought
up with Claudius Caesar。 And when Caesar was informed that
Agrippa was dead； and that the inhabitants of Sebaste and Cesarea
had abused him； he was sorry for the first news； and was
displeased with the ingratitude of those cities。 He was therefore
disposed to send Agrippa； junior； away presently to succeed his
father in the kingdom； and was willing to confirm him in it by
his oath。 But those freed…men and friends of his； who had the
greatest authority with him； dissuaded him from it； and said that
it was a dangerous experiment to permit so large a kingdom to
come under the government of so very young a man； and one hardly
yet arrived at years of discretion； who would not be able to take
sufficient care of its administration； while the weight of a
kingdom is heavy enough to a grown man。 So Caesar thought what
they said to be reasonable。 Accordingly he sent Cuspins Fadus to
be procurator of Judea； and of the entire kingdom； and paid that
respect to the eceased as not to introduce Marcus； who had been
at variance with him； into his kingdom。 But he determined； in the
first place； to send orders to Fadus； that he should chastise the
inhabitants of Cesarca and Sebaste for those abuses they had
offered to him that was deceased； and their madness towards his
daughters that were still alive； and that he should remove that
body of soldiers that were at Cesarea and Sebaste； with the five
regiments； into Pontus； that they might do their military duty
there； and that he should choose an equal number of soldiers out
of the Roman legions that were in Syria； to supply their place。
Yet were not those that had such orders actually removed； for by
sending ambassadors to Claudius； they mollified him； and got
leave to abide in Judea still； and these were the very men that
became the source of very great calamities to the Jews in
after…times； and sowed the seeds of that war which began under
Florus； whence it was that when Vespasian had subdued the
country； he removed them out of his province； as we shall relate
hereafter。
BOOK XX。
Containing The Interval Of Twenty…Two Years。
From Fadus The Procurator To Florus。
CHAPTER 1。
A Sedition Of The Philadelphians Against The Jews； And Also
Concerning The Vestments Of The High Priest。
1。 Upon the death of king Agrippa； which we have related in the
foregoing book； Claudius Caesar sent Cassius Longinus as
successor to Marcus； out of regard to the memory of king Agrippa；
who had often desired of him by letters； while be was alive； that
he would not suffer Marcus to be any longer president of Syria。
But Fadus； as soon as he was come procurator into Judea； found
quarrelsome doings between the Jews that dwelt in Perea； and the
people of Philadelphia； about their borders； at a village called
Mia； that was filled with men of a warlike temper； for the Jews
of Perea had taken up arms without the consent of their principal
men； and had destroyed many of the Philadelphians。 When Fadus was
informed of this procedure； it provoked him very much that they
had not left the determination of the matter to him； if they
thought that the Philadelphians had done them any wrong； but had
rashly taken up arms against them。 So he seized upon three of
their principal men； who were also the causes of this sedition；
and ordered them to be bound； and afterwards had one of them
slain； whose name was Hannibal； and he banished the other two；
Areram and Eleazar。 Tholomy also； the arch robber； was； after
some time； brought to him bound； and slain； but not till he had
done a world of mischief to Idumea and the Arabians。 And indeed；
from that time； Judea was cleared of robberies by the care and
providence of Fadus。 He also at this time sent for the high
priests and the principal citizens of Jerusalem； and this at the
command of the emperor； and admonished them that they should lay
up the long garment and the sacred vestment； which it is
customary for nobody but the high priest to wear； in the tower of
Antonia； that it might be under the power of the Romans； as it
had been formerly。 Now the Jews durst not contradict what he had
said； but desired Fadus； however； and Longinus； （which last was
come to Jerusalem； and had brought a great army with him； out of
a fear that the ＇rigid＇ injunctions of Fadus should force the
Jews to rebel；） that they might； in the first place； have leave
to send ambassadors to Caesar； to petition him that they may have
the holy vestments under their own power； and that； in the next
place； they would tarry till they knew what answer Claudius would
give to that their request。 So they replied； that they would give
them leave to send their ambassadors； provided they would give
them their sons as pledges ＇for their peaceable behavior＇。 And
when they had agreed so to do； and had given them the pledges
they desired； the ambassadors were sent accordingly。 But when；
upon their coming to Rome； Agrippa； junior； the son of the
deceased； understood the reason why they came； （for he dwelt with
Claudius Caesar； as we said before；） he besought Caesar to grant
the Jews their request about the holy vestments； and to send a
message to Fadus accordingly。
2。 Hereupon Claudius called for the ambassadors； and told them
that he granted their request； and bade them to return their
thanks to Agrippa for this favor； which had been bestowed on them
upon his entreaty。 And besides these answers of his； he sent the
following letter by them： 〃Claudius Caesar Germanicus； tribune of
the people the fifth time； and designed consul the fourth time；
and imperator the tenth time； the father of his country； to the
magistrates； senate； and people； and the whole nation of the
Jews； sendeth greeting。 Upon the presentation of your ambassadors
to me by Agrippa； my friend； whom I have brought up； and have now
with me； and who is a person of very great piety； who are come to
give me thanks for the care I have taken of your nation； and to
entreat me； in an earnest and obliging manner； that they may have
the holy vestments； with the crown belonging to them； under their
power； … I grant their request； as that excellent person
Vitellius； who is very dear to me； had done before me。 And I have
complied with your desire； in the first place； out of regard to
that piety which I profess； and because I would have every one
worship God according to the laws of their own country； and this
I do also because I shall hereby highly gratify king Herod； and
Agrippa； junior； whose sacred regards to me； and earnest
good…will to you； I am well acquainted with； and with whom I have
the greatest friendship； and whom I highly esteem； and look on as
persons of the best character。 Now I have written about these
affairs to Cuspius Fadus； my procurator。 The names of those that
brought me your letter are Cornelius； the son of Cero； Trypho；
the son of Theudio； Dorotheus； the son of Nathaniel； and John；
the son of Jotre。 This letter is dated before the fourth of the
calends of July； when Ruffis and Pompeius Sylvanus are consuls。〃
3。 Herod also； the brother of the deceased Agrippa； who was then
possessed of the royal authority over Chalcis； petitioned
Claudius Caesar for the authority over the temple； and the money
of the sacred treasure； and the choice of the high priests； and
obtained all that he petitioned for。 So that after that time this
authority continued among all his descendants till the end of the
war （1） Accordingly； Herod removed the last high priest； called
Cimtheras； and bestowed that dignity on his successor Joseph； the
son of Cantos。
CHAPTER 2。
How Helena The Queen Of Adiabene And Her Son Izates； Embraced The
Jewish Religion； And How Helena Supplied The Poor With Corn； When
There Was A Great Famine At Jerusalem。
1。 About this time it was that Helena； queen of Adiabene； and her
son Izates； changed their course of life； and embraced the Jewish
customs； and this on the occasion following： Monobazus； the king
of Adiabene； who had also the name of Bazeus； fell in love with
his sister Helena； and took her to be his wife； and begat her
with child。 But as he was in bed with her one night； he laid his
hand upon his wife's belly； and fell asleep； and seemed to hear a
voice； which bid him take his hand off his wife's belly； and not
hurt the infant that was therein； which； by God's providence；
would be safely born； and have a happy end。 This voice put him
into disorder； so he awaked immediately； and told the story to
his wife； and when his son was born； he called him Izates。 He had
indeed Monobazus； his elder brother； by Helena also； as he had
other sons by other wives besides。 Yet did he openly place all
his affections on this his only begotten （2） son Izates； which
was the origin of that envy which his other brethren； by the same
father； bore to him； while on this account they hated him more
and more； and were all under great affliction that their father
should prefer Izates before them。 Now although their father was
very sensible of these their passions； yet did he forgive them；
as not indulging those passions out of an ill disposition； but
out of a desire each of them had to be beloved by their father。
However； he sent Izates； with man