kill him； and that his way of reasoning was this： That it was a
silly thing in him； while it was in his power to reign himself；
to look upon it as a great favor that he was honored with a lower
dignity by his brother。
2。 Aristobulus yielded to these imputations； but took care both
that his brother should not suspect him； and that he himself
might not run the hazard of his own safety； so he ordered his
guards to lie in a certain place that was under ground； and dark；
（he himself then lying sick in the tower which was called
Antonia；） and he commanded them； that in case Antigonus came in
to him unarmed； they should not touch any body； but if armed；
they should kill him； yet did he send to Antigonus； and desired
that he would come unarmed； but the queen； and those that joined
with her in the plot against Antigonus； persuaded the messenger
to tell him the direct contrary： how his brother had heard that
he had made himself a fine suit of armor for war； and desired him
to come to him in that armor； that he might see how fine it was。
So Antigonus suspecting no treachery； but depending on the
good…will of his brother； came to Aristobulus armed； as he used
to be； with his entire armor； in order to show it to him； but
when he was come to a place which was called Strato's Tower；
where the passage happened to be exceeding dark； the guards slew
him； which death of his demonstrates that nothing is stronger
than envy and calumny； and that nothing does more certainly
divide the good…will and natural affections of men than those
passions。 But here one may take occasion to wonder at one Judas；
who was of the sect of the Essens； （31） and who never missed the
truth in his predictions； for this man； when he saw Antigonus
passing by the temple； cried out to his companions and friends；
who abode with him as his scholars； in order to learn the art of
foretelling things to come？〃 That it was good for him to die now；
since he had spoken falsely about Antigonus； who is still alive；
and I see him passing by； although he had foretold he should die
at the place called Strato's Tower that very day； while yet the
place is six hundred furlongs off； where he had foretold he
should be slain； and still this day is a great part of it already
past； so that he was in danger of proving a false prophet。〃 As he
was saying this； and that in a melancholy mood； the news came
that Antigonus was slain in a place under ground； which itself
was called also Strato's Tower； or of the same name with that
Cesarea which is seated at the sea。 This event put the prophet
into a great disorder。
3。 But Aristobulus repented immediately of this slaughter of his
brother； on which account his disease increased upon him； and he
was disturbed in his mind； upon the guilt of such wickedness；
insomuch that his entrails were corrupted by his intolerable
pain； and he vomited blood： at which time one of the servants
that attended upon him； and was carrying his blood away； did； by
Divine Providence； as I cannot but suppose； slip down； and shed
part of his blood at the very place where there were spots of
Antigonus's blood； there slain； still remaining； and when there
was a cry made by the spectators； as if the servant had on
purpose shed the blood on that place； Aristobulus heard it； and
inquired what the matter was； and as they did not answer him； he
was the more earnest to know what it was； it being natural to men
to suspect that what is thus concealed is very bad： so upon his
threatening； and forcing them by terrors to speak； they at length
told him the truth； whereupon he shed many tears； in that
disorder of mind which arose from his consciousness of what he
had done； and gave a deep groan； and said； 〃I am not therefore； I
perceive； to be concealed from God； in the impious and horrid
crimes I have been guilty of； but a sudden punishment is coming
upon me for the shedding the blood of my relations。 And now； O
thou most impudent body of mine； how long wilt thou retain a soul
that ought to die； in order to appease the ghosts of my brother
and my mother？ Why dost thou not give it all up at once？ And why
do I deliver up my blood drop by drop to those whom I have so
wickedly murdered？〃 In saying which last words he died； having
reigned a year。 He was called a lover of the Grecians； and had
conferred many benefits on his own country； and made war against
Iturea； and added a great part of it to Judea； and compelled the
inhabitants； if they would continue in that country； to be
circumcised； and to live according to the Jewish laws。 He was
naturally a man of candor； and of great modesty； as Strabo bears
witness； in the name of Timagenes； who says thus： 〃This man was a
person of candor； and very serviceable to the Jews； for he added
a country to them； and obtained a part of the nation of the
Itureans for them； and bound them to them by the bond of the
circumcision of their genitals。〃
CHAPTER 12。
How Alexander When He Had Taken The Government Made An Expedition
Against Ptolemais； And Then Raised The Siege Out Of Fear Of
Ptolemy Lathyrus； And How Ptolemy Made War Against Him； Because
He Had Sent To Cleopatra To Persuade Her To Make War Against
Ptolemy； And Yet Pretended To Be In Friendship With Him； When He
Beat The Jews In The Battle。
1。 When Aristobulus was dead； his wife Salome； who； by the
Greeks； was called Alexandra； let his brethren out of prison；
（for Aristobulus had kept them in bonds； as we have said
already；） and made Alexander Janneus king； who was the superior
in age and in moderation。 This child happened to be hated by his
father as soon as he was born； and could never be permitted to
come into his father's sight till he died。 （32） The occasion of
which hatred is thus reported： when Hyrcanus chiefly loved the
two eldest of his sons； Antigonus and Aristobutus； God appeared
to him in his sleep； of whom he inquired which of his sons should
be his successor。 Upon God's representing to him the countenance
of Alexander； he was grieved that he was to be the heir of all
his goods； and suffered him to be brought up in Galilee However；
God did not deceive Hyrcanus； for after the death of Aristobulus；
he certainly took the kingdom； and one of his brethren； who
affected the kingdom； he slew； and the other； who chose to live a
private and quiet life； he had in esteem。
2。 When Alexander Janneus had settled the government in the
manner that he judged best； he made an expedition against
Ptolemais； and having overcome the men in battle； he shut them up
in the city； and sat round about it； and besieged it； for of the
maritime cities there remained only Ptolemais and Gaza to be
conquered； besides Strato's Tower and Dora； which were held by
the tyrant Zoilus。 Now while Antiochus Philometor； and Antiochus
who was called Cyzicenus； were making war one against another；
and destroying one another's armies； the people of Ptolemais
could have no assistance from them； but when they were distressed
with this siege； Zoilus； who possessed Strato's Tower and Dora；
and maintained a legion of soldiers； and； on occasion of the
contest between the kings； affected tyranny himself； came and
brought some small assistance to the people of Ptolemais； nor
indeed had the kings such a friendship for them； as that they
should hope for any advantage from them。 Both those kings were in
the case of wrestlers； who finding themselves deficient in。
strength； and yet being ashamed to yield； put off the fight by
laziness； and by lying still as long as they can。 The only hope
they had remaining was from the kings of Egypt； and from Ptolemy
Lathyrus； who now held Cyprus； and who came to Cyprus when he was
driven from the government of Egypt by Cleopatra his mother。 So
the people of Ptolemais sent to this Ptolemy Lathyrus； and
desired him to come as a confederate； to deliver them； now they
were in such danger； out of the hands of Alexander。 And as the
ambassadors gave him hopes； that if he would pass over into
Syria； he would have the people of Gaza on the side of those of
Ptolemais； as also they said； that Zoilus； and besides these the
Sidonians； and many others； would assist them； so he was elevated
at this； and got his fleet ready as soon as possible。
3。 But in this interval Demenetus； one that was of abilities to
persuade men to do as he would have them； and a leader of the
populace； made those of Ptolemais change their opinions； and said
to them； that it was better to run the hazard of being subject to
the Jews； than to admit of evident slavery by delivering
themselves up to a master； and besides that； to have not only a
war at present； but to expect a much greater war from Egypt； for
that Cleopatra would not overlook an army raised by Ptolemy for
himself out of the neighborhood； but would come against them with
a great army of her own； and this because she was laboring to
eject her son out of Cyprus also； that as for Ptolemy； if he fail
of his hopes； he can still retire to Cyprus； but that they will
be left in the greatest danger possible。 Now Ptolemy； although he
had heard of the change that was made in the people of Ptolemais；
yet did he still go on with his voyage； and came to the country
called Sycamine； and there set his army on shore。 This army of
his； in the whole horse and foot together； were about thirty
thousand； with which he marched near to Ptolemais； and there
pitched his camp。 But when the people of Ptolemais neither
received his ambassadors； nor would hear what they had to say； he
was under a very great concern。
4。 But when Zoilus and the people of Gaza came to him； and
desired his assistance； because their country was laid waste by
the Jews； and by Alexander； Alexander raised the siege； for fear
of Ptolemy： and when he had drawn off his army into his own
country； he used a stratagem afterwards； by privately inviting
Cleopatra to come against Ptolemy； but publicly pretending to
desire a league of friendship and mutual assistance with him； and
promising to give him four hundred talents of silver； he desired
that； by way of requital； he would take off Zoilus the tyrant；
and give his country to the Jews。 And then indeed Ptolemy； with
pleasure； made such a league of fr