came up with him from Crete； and from the other islands。 However；
this procured him ill…will and hatred from the soldiers； on whom
he bestowed nothing from this time； while the kings before him
used to pay them in time of peace as they did before； that they
might have their good…will； and that they might be very ready to
undergo the difficulties of war； if any occasion should require
it。
CHAPTER 5。
How Trypho After He Had Beaten Demetrius Delivered The Kingdom To
Antiochus The Son Of Alexander； And Gained Jonathan For His
Assistant； And Concerning The Actions And Embassies Of Jonathan。
1。 Now there was a certain commander of Alexander's forces； an
Apanemian by birth； whose name was Diodotus； and was also called
Trypho； took notice the ill…will of the soldiers bare to
Demetrius； and went to Malchus the Arabian； who brought up
Antiochus； the son of Alexander； and told him what ill…will the
army bare Demetrius； and persuaded him to give him Antiochus；
because he would make him king； and recover to him the kingdom of
his father。 Malchus at the first opposed him in this attempt；
because he could not believe him； but when Trypho lay hard at him
for a long time； he over…persuaded him to comply with Trypho's
intentions and entreaties。 And this was the state Trypho was now
in。
2。 But Jonathan the high priest； being desirous to get clear of
those that were in the citadel of Jerusalem； and of the Jewish
deserters； and wicked men； as well as of those in all the
garrisons in the country； sent presents and ambassadors to
Demetrius； and entreated him to take away his soldiers out of the
strong holds of Judea。 Demetrius made answer； that after the war；
which he was now deeply engaged in； was over； he would not only
grant him that； but greater things than that also； and he desired
he would send him some assistance； and informed him that his army
had deserted him。 So Jonathan chose out three thousand of his
soldiers； and sent them to Demetrius。
3。 Now the people of Antioch hated Demetrius； both on account of
what mischief he had himself done them； and because they were his
enemies also on account of his father Demetrius； who had greatly
abused them； so they watched some opportunity which they might
lay hold on to fall upon him。 And when they were informed of the
assistance that was coming to Demetrius from Jonathan； and
considered at the same time that he would raise a numerous army；
unless they prevented him； and seized upon him； they took their
weapons immediately； and encompassed his palace in the way of a
siege； and seizing upon all the ways of getting out； they sought
to subdue their king。 And when he saw that the people of Antioch
were become his bitter enemies and that they were thus in arms；
he took the mercenary soldiers which he had with them； and those
Jews who were sent by Jonathan； and assaulted the Antiochians；
but he was overpowered by them； for they were many ten thousands；
and was beaten。 But when the Jews saw that the Antiochians were
superior； they went up to the top of the palace； and shot at them
from thence； and because they were so remote from them by their
height； that they suffered nothing on their side； but did great
execution on the others； as fighting from such an elevation； they
drove them out of the adjoining houses； and immediately set them
on fire； whereupon the flame spread itself over the whole city；
and burnt it all down。 This happened by reason of the closeness
of the houses； and because they were generally built of wood。 So
the Antioehians； when they were not able to help themselves； nor
to stop the fire； were put to flight。 And as the Jews leaped from
the top of one house to the top of another； and pursued them
after that manner； it thence happened that the pursuit was so
very surprising。 But when the king saw that the Antiochians were
were busy in saving their children and their wives； and so did
not fight any longer； he fell upon them in the narrow passages；
and fought them； and slew a great many of them； till at last they
were forced to throw down their arms； and to deliver themselves
up to Demetrius。 So he forgave them this their insolent behavior；
and put an end to the sedition； and when he had given rewards to
the Jews out of the rich spoils he had gotten； and had returned
them thanks； as the cause of his victory； he sent them away to
Jerusalem to Jonathan； with an ample testimony of the assistance
they had afforded him。 Yet did he prove an ill man to Jonathan
afterward； and broke the promises he had made； and he threatened
that he would make war upon him； unless he would pay all that
tribute which the Jewish nation owed to the first kings ＇of
Syria＇。 And this he had done； if Trypho had not hindered him； and
diverted his preparations against Jonathan to a concern for his
own preservation； for he now returned out of Arabia into Syria；
with the child Antiochus； for he was yet in age but a youth； and
put the diadem on his head； and as the whole forces that had left
Demetrius； because they had no pay； came to his assistance； he
made war upon Demetrius； and joining battle with him； overcame
him in the fight； and took from him both his elephants and the
city Antioch。
4。 Demetrius； upon this defeat； retired into Cilicia； but the
child Antiochus sent ambassadors and an epistle to Jonathan； and
made him his friend and confederate； and confirmed to him the
high priesthood； and yielded up to him the four prefectures which
had been added to Judea。 Moreover； he sent him vessels and cups
of gold； and a purple garment； and gave him leave to use them。 He
also presented him with a golden button； and styled him one of
his principal friends； and appointed his brother Simon to be the
general over the forces； from the Ladder of Tyre unto Egypt。 So
Jonathan was so pleased with these grants made him by Antiochus；
that he sent ambassadors to him and to Trypho； and professed
himself to be their friend and confederate； and said he would
join with him in a war against Demetrius； informing him that he
had made no proper returns for the kindness he had done him； for
that when he had received many marks of kindness from him； when
he stood in great need of them； he； for such good turns； had
requited him with further injuries。
5。 So Antiochus gave Jonathan leave to raise himself a numerous
army out of Syria and Phoenicia and to make war against
Demetrius's generals； whereupon he went in haste to the several
cities which received him splendidly indeed； but put no forces
into his hands。 And when he was come from thence to Askelon； the
inhabitants of Askelon came and brought him presents； and met him
in a splendid manner。 He exhorted them； and every one of the
cities of Celesyria； to forsake Demetrius； and to join with
Antiochus； and； in assisting him； to endeavor to punish Demetrius
for what offenses he had been guilty of against themselves； and
told them there were many reasons for that their procedure； if
they had a mind so to do。 And when he had persuaded those cities
to promise their assistance to Antiochus； he came to Gaza； in
order to induce them also to be friends to Antiochus； but he
found the inhabitants of Gaza much more alienated from him than
he expected； for they had shut their gates against him； and
although they had deserted Demetrius； they had not resolved to
join themselves to Antiochus。 This provoked Jonathan to besiege
them； and to harass their country； for as he set a part of his
army round about Gaza itself； so with the rest he overran their
land； and spoiled it； and burnt what was in it。 When the of Gaza
saw themselves in this state of affliction； and that no
assistance came to them from Demetrius； that what distressed them
was at hand； but what should profit them was still at a great
distance； and it was uncertain whether it would come at all or
not； they thought it would he prudent conduct to leave off any
longer continuance with them； and to cultivate friendship with
the other； so they sent to Jonathan； and professed they would be
his friends； and afford him assistance： for such is the temper of
men； that before they have had the trial of great afflictions；
they do not understand what is for their advantage； but when they
find themselves under such afflictions； they then change their
minds； and what it had been better for them to have done before
they had been at all damaged； they choose to do； but not till
after they have suffered such damages。 However； he made a league
of friendship with them； and took from them hostages for their
performance of it； and sent these hostages to Jerusalem； while he
went himself over all the country； as far as Damascus。
6。 But when he heard that the generals of Demetrius's forces were
come to the city Cadesh with a numerous army； （the place lies
between the land of the Tyrians and Galilee；）for they supposed
they should hereby draw him out of Syria； in order to preserve
Galilee； and that he would not overlook the Galileans； who were
his own people； when war was made upon them； he went to meet
them； having left Simon in Judea； who raised as great an army as
he was able out of the country； and then sat down before
Bethsura； and besieged it； that being the strongest place in all
Judea； and a garrison of Demetrius's kept it； as we have already
related。 But as Simon was raising banks； and bringing his engines
of war against Bethsura； and was very earnest about the siege of
it； the garrison was afraid lest the place should be taken of
Simon by force； and they put to the sword； so they sent to Simon；
and desired the security of his oath； that they should come to no
harm from him； and that they would leave the place； and go away
to Demetrius。 Accordingly he gave them his oath； and ejected them
out of the city； and he put therein a garrison of his own。
7。 But Jonathan removed out of Galilee； and from the waters which
are called Gennesar； for there he was before encamped； and came
into the plain that is called Asor； without knowing that the
enemy was there。 When therefore Demetrius's men knew a day
beforehand that Jonathan was coming against them； they laid an
ambush in the mountain； who were to assault him on the sudden；
whil