the earls； since that time； have constantly held the country as a fief； not as their udal property。 〃As a sufficient proof of which；〃 said he； 〃when Eirik Blood…axe and his sons were in Orkney the earls were subject to them； and also when my relation Olaf Trygvason came there thy father； Earl Sigurd； became his man。 Now I have taken heritage after King Olaf； and I will give thee the condition to become my man and then I will give thee the islands as a fief； and we shall try if I cannot give thee aid that will he more to the purpose than Thorfin can get from the Scottish king。 If thou wilt not accept of these terms； then will I win back my udal property there in the West； as our forefathers and relations of old possessed it。〃
The earl carefully considered this speech； laid it before his friends； and demanded their advice if he should agree to it； and enter into such terms with King Olaf and become his vassal。 〃But I do not see what my lot will be at my departure if I say no； for the king has clearly enough declared his claim upon Orkney； and from his great power； and our being in his hands； it is easy for him to make our destiny what he pleases。〃
Although the earl saw that there was much to be considered for and against it he chose the condition to deliver himself and his dominion into the king's power。 Thereupon the king took the earl's power； and the government over all the earl's lands； and the earl became his vassal under oath of fealty。
106。 THE EARL'S AGREEMENT TO THE KING'S TERMS。
Thorfin the earl heard that his brother Bruse had gone east to King Olaf to seek support from him； but as Thorfin had been on a visit to King Olaf before； and had concluded a friendship with him； he thought his case would stand well with the king； and that many would support it； but he believed that many more would do so if he went there himself。 Earl Thorfin resolved； therefore； to go east himself without delay； and he thought there would be so little difference between the time of his arrival and Bruse's； that Bruse's errand could not be accomplished before he came to King Olaf。 But it went otherwise than Earl Thorfin had expected； for when he came to the king the agreement between the king and Bruse was already concluded and settled； and Earl Thorfin did not know a word about Bruse's having surrendered his udal domains until he came to King Olaf。 As soon as Earl Thorfin and King Olaf met； the king made the same demand upon the kingdom of Orkney that he had done to Earl Bruse； and required that Thorfin should voluntarily deliver over to the king that part of the country which he had possessed hitherto。 The earl answered in a friendly and respectful way； that the king's friendship lay near to his heart： 〃And if you think； sire； that my help against other chiefs can be of use； you have already every claim to it； but I cannot be your vessel for service； as I am an earl of the Scottish king； and owe fealty to him。〃
As the king found that the earl； by his answer； declined fulfilling the demand he had made； he said； 〃Earl； if thou wilt not become my vassal； there is another condition； namely； that I will place over the Orkney Islands the man I please； and require thy oath that thou wilt make no claim upon these lands； but allow whoever I place over them to sit in peace。 If thou wilt not accept of either of these conditions； he who is to rule over these lands may expect hostility from thee； and thou must not think it strange if like meet like in this business。〃
The earl begged of the king some time to consider the matter。 The king did so； and gave the earl time to take the counsel of his friends on the choosing one or other of these conditions。 Then the earl requested a delay until next summer； that he might go over the sea to the west； for his proper counsellors were all at home； and he himself was but a child in respect of age； but the king required that he should now make his election of one or other of the conditions。 Thorkel Fosterer was then with the king； and he privately sent a person to Earl Thorfin； and told him； whatever his intentions might be； not to think of leaving Olaf without being reconciled with him； as he stood entirely in Olaf's power。 From such hints the earl saw there was no other way than to let the king have his own will。 It was no doubt a hard condition to have no hope of ever regaining his paternal heritage； and moreover to bind himself by oath to allow those to enjoy in peace his domain who had no hereditary right to it； but seeing it was uncertain how he could get away； he resolved to submit to the king and become his vassal； as Bruse had done。 The king observed that Thorfin was more high…minded； and less disposed to suffer subjection than Bruse； and therefore he trusted less to Thorfin than to Bruse； and he considered also that Thorfin would trust to the aid of the Scottish king； if he broke the agreement。 The king also had discernment enough to perceive that Bruse； although slow to enter into an agreement； would promise nothing but what he intended to keep； but as to Thorfin when he had once made up his mind he went readily into every proposal and made no attempt to obtain any alteration of the king's first conditions： therefore the king had his suspicions that the earl would infringe the agreement。
107。 EARL THORFIN'S DEPARTURE； AND RECONCILIATION WITH THORKEL。
When the king had carefully considered the whole matter by himself； he ordered the signal to sound for a General Thing； to which he called in the earls。 Then said the king； 〃I will now make known to the public our agreement with the Orkney earls。 They have now acknowledged my right of property to Orkney and Shetland； and have both become my vassals； all which they have confirmed by oath； and now I will invest them with these lands as a fief： namely； Bruse with one third part and Thorfin with one third； as they formerly enjoyed them； but the other third which Einar Rangmund had； I adjudge as fallen to my domain； because he killed Eyvind Urarhorn； my court…man； partner； and dear friend； and that part of the land I will manage as I think proper。 I have also my earls； to tell you it is my pleasure that ye enter into an agreement with Thorkel Amundason for the murder of your brother Einar； for I will take that business； if ye agree thereto； within my own jurisdiction。〃 The earls agreed to this； as to everything else that the king proposed。 Thorkel came forward； and surrendered to the king's judgment of the case； and the Thing concluded。 King Olaf awarded as great a penalty for Earl Einar's murder as for three lendermen； but as Einar himself was the cause of the act； one third of the mulct fell to the ground。 Thereafter Earl Thorfin asked the king's leave to depart； and as soon as he obtained it made ready for sea with all speed。 It happened one day； when all was ready for the voyage； the earl sat in his ship drinking； and Thorkel Amundason came unexpectedly to him； laid his head upon the earl's knee； and bade him do with him what he pleased。 The earl asked why he did so。 〃We are； you know； reconciled men； according to the king's decision； so stand up； Thorkel。〃
Thorkel replied； 〃The agreement which the king made as between me and Bruse stands good； but what regards the agreement with thee thou alone must determine。 Although the king made conditions for my property and safe residence in Orkney； yet I know so well thy disposition that there is no going to the islands for me； unless I go there in peace with thee； Earl Thorfin； and therefore I am willing to promise never to return to Orkney； whatever the king may desire。〃
The earl remained silent； and first； after a long pause； he said； 〃If thou wilt rather； Thorkel； that I shall judge between us than trust to the king's judgment； then let the beginning of our reconciliation be； that you go with me to the Orkney Islands； live with me； and never leave me but with my will； and be bound to defend my land； and execute all that I want done； as long as we both are in life。〃
Thorkel replies； 〃This shall be entirely at thy pleasure； earl； as well as everything else in my power。〃 Then Thorkel went on； and solemnly ratified this agreement。 The earl said he would talk afterwards about the mulct of money； but took Thorkel's oath upon the conditions。 Thorkel immediately made ready to accompany the earl on his voyage。 The earl set off as soon as all was ready； and never again were King Olaf and Thorfin together。
108。 EARL BRUSE'S DEPARTURE。
Earl Bruse remained behind； and took his time to get ready。 Before his departure the king sent for him； and said； 〃It appears to me； earl； that in thee I have a man on the west side of the sea on whose fidelity I can depend； therefore I intend to give thee the two parts of the country which thou formerly hadst to rule over； for I will not that thou shouldst be a less powerful man after entering into my service than before： but I will secure thy fidelity by keeping thy son Ragnvald with me。 I see well enough that with two parts of the country and my help； thou wilt be able to defend what is thy own against thy brother Thorfin。〃 Bruse was thankful for getting two thirds instead of one third of the country； and soon after he set out； and came about autumn to Orkney； but Ragnvald； Bruse's son； remained behind in the East with King Olaf。 Ragnvald was one of the handsomest men that could be seen； his hair long； and yellow as silk； and he soon grew up； stout and tall； and he was a very able and superb man； both of great understanding and polite manners。 He was long with King Olaf。 Otter Svarte speaks of these affairs in the poem he composed about King Olaf：
〃From Shetland； far off in the cold North Sea； Come chiefs who desire to be subject to thee： No king so well known for his will； and his might； To defend his own people from scaith or unright。 These isles of the West midst the ocean's wild roar； Scarcely heard the voice of their sovereign before； Our bravest of sovereigns before could scarce bring These islesmen so proud to acknowledge their king。〃
109。 OF THE EARLS THORFIN AND BRUSE。
The brothers Thorfin and Bruse came west to Orkney； and Bruse took the two parts of the country